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Uranium vs Zirconium

Uranium
Zirconium
Zirconium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U  
Zr  
Group Number
0  
18
4  
14
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440611  
28
7440677  
23
Space Group Name
Cmcm  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
63.00  
13
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
  • Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Martin Heinrich Klaproth  
Discovery
In 1789  
In 1789  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
0.01 %  
14
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
11
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.
  • Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
21
In Bone
1.20 p.p.m.  
19
0.10 p.p.m.  
28
Physical
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C  
39
1,852.00 °C  
15
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C  
16
4,377.00 °C  
11
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
5.00  
8
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa  
2
638.00 MPa  
21
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa  
6
820.00 MPa  
22
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s  
36
3,800.00 m/s  
27
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.38  
40
2.15  
10
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
U  
Zr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
24  
15
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38  
29
1.33  
31
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.38  
22
0.90  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.22  
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.38  
29
1.33  
32
Allen Electronegativity
1.38  
36
1.32  
39
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62  
26
2.67  
24
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,218.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,313.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,752.00 kJ/mol  
16
6th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,500.00 kJ/mol  
21
7th Energy level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
40
10th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,406.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
36
14th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
34
640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
36
16th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
17th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
38
19th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
640.00 kJ/mol  
39
21st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
640.00 kJ/mol  
33
23rd Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.00 kJ/mol  
35
25th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
37
26th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
36
27th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
38
28th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
39
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.85 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV  
99+
4.05 eV  
34
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
92  
26
40  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
[Kr] 4d2 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92  
26
40  
99+
Number of Neutrons
146  
14
51  
99+
Number of Electrons
92  
26
40  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
31
160.00 pm  
29
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
175.00 pm  
25
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm  
40
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu  
21
91.22 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol  
99+
14.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Yttrium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Niobium
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
80.00 (-eV)  
18
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
323.20 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.02  
99+
1.59  
25
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3  
17
6.52 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3  
17
5.80 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
100.00 MPa  
28
330.00 MPa  
14
Viscosity
0.00  
21
0.00  
12
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
20
0.00 (Pa)  
21
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa  
10
33.00 GPa  
23
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
91.10 GPa  
18
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa  
11
88.00 GPa  
24
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80  
19
6.51  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
421.00 nΩ·m  
11
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
41.10 kJ/mol  
32
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K  
18
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K  
99+
22.60 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,405.00 K  
99+
2,128.00 K  
17
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
30
5.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol  
18
581.60 kJ/mol  
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
20.90 kJ/mol  
11
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol  
18
598.00 kJ/mol  
12
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
39.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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