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Ytterbium vs Cesium


Cesium vs Ytterbium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Yb   
Cs   

Group Number
Not Available   
1   
17

Period Number
6   
6   

Block
f block   
s block   

Element Family
Lanthanide   
Alkali   

CAS Number
7440644   
26
7440462   
40

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
229.00   
1

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
  • Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.
  
Not Available   

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac   
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff   

Discovery
In 1878   
In 1860   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
8 * 10-8 %   
24

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000008 %   
20

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
36
0.00 %   
38

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
33
0.00 %   
35

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
37
0.00 %   
17

Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
17

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.
  
  • The most common use of cesium metal is as a drilling fluid. It is also used in optical glass manufacturing.
  • In vacuum tubes and radiation monitor equipment this metal is used as a catalyst promoter.
  

Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Mildly Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
28

In Bone
Not Available   
0.05 p.p.m.   
26

Physical Properties

Melting Point
824.00 °C   
99+
28.50 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
1,196.00 °C   
99+
678.40 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gold   

Luster
Metallic   
NA   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
0.20   
25

Brinell Hardness
343.00 MPa   
31
0.14 MPa   
99+

Vickers Hardness
206.00 MPa   
33
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
1,590.00 m/s   
99+
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Yb   
Cs   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
30   
9
36   
3

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.79   
99+

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.22   
33

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.06   
33
0.86   
99+

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.62   
26

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.66   
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
3.21   
2

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol   
99+
375.70 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol   
99+
2,234.30 kJ/mol   
8

3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,400.00 kJ/mol   
16

4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol   
31
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
2.15 g/amp-hr   
25
4.96 g/amp-hr   
3

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
2.14 eV   
99+

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
70   
99+
55   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 6s2   
[Xe] 6s1   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Ytterbium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
70   
99+
55   
99+

Number of Neutrons
103   
31
78   
99+

Number of Electrons
70   
99+
55   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
176.00 pm   
18
265.00 pm   
1

Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
244.00 pm   
2

Van der Waals Radius
242.00 pm   
12
343.00 pm   
2

Atomic Weight
173.05 amu   
99+
132.91 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
24.79 cm3/mol   
9
71.07 cm3/mol   
1

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Thulium
  
Tin
  

Next Element
Lutetium
  
Barium
  

Valence Electron Potential
50.30 (-eV)   
27
8.62 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
548.47 pm   
11
614.10 pm   
5

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
6.90 g/cm3   
99+
1.93 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.21 g/cm3   
99+
1.84 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
58.00 MPa   
18
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
9.90 GPa   
99+
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
30.50 GPa   
39
1.60 GPa   
99+

Young's Modulus
23.90 GPa   
99+
1.70 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
0.21   
33
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
6.97   
99+
1.87   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   

Resistivity
0.25 nΩ·m   
99+
205.00 nΩ·m   
17

Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω   
38
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35

Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
45.50 kJ/mol   
25

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)   
36
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23

Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K   
25
32.21 J/mol·K   
4

Thermal Conductivity
38.50 W/m·K   
35
35.90 W/m·K   
36

Critical Temperature
26.30 K   
7
1,938.00 K   
5

Thermal Expansion
26.30 µm/(m·K)   
14
97.00 µm/(m·K)   
1

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.90 kJ/mol   
99+
65.90 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol   
99+
2.10 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol   
99+
78.20 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
59.90 J/mol.K   
21
85.20 J/mol.K   
3

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