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Ytterbium vs Rhenium

Ytterbium
Rhenium
Rhenium vs Ytterbium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Yb  
Re  
Group Number
3  
15
7  
11
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440644  
26
7440155  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
  • Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.
  
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac  
Masataka Ogawa  
Discovery
In 1878  
In 1908  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
36
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
33
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.
  
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
2.10 p.p.m.  
15
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
824.00 °C  
99+
3,180.00 °C  
2
Boiling Point
1,196.00 °C  
99+
5,627.00 °C  
2
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.00  
22
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
343.00 MPa  
37
1,320.00 MPa  
8
Vickers Hardness
206.00 MPa  
99+
1,350.00 MPa  
12
Speed of Sound
1,590.00 m/s  
99+
4,700.00 m/s  
19
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.60  
33
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
30.00 %  
35
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Yb  
Re  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30  
9
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.10  
38
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.06  
34
1.46  
16
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.60  
24
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.20  
39
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
20
2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,510.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
6th Energy Level
6,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
37
7th Energy level
6,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
8th Energy Level
6,034.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
6,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
11th Energy Level
6,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
30
12th Energy Level
6,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
23
14th Energy Level
6,030.00 kJ/mol  
31
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
15th Energy Level
60,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
20
16th Energy Level
60,300.00 kJ/mol  
32
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
15
17th Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.10 kJ/mol  
36
18th Energy Level
6,110.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
26
19th Energy Level
603.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
33
20th Energy Level
615.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
27
21st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
603.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
21
23rd Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
25th Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
26th Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
27th Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
17
28th Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
23
29th Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
24
30th Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.15 g/amp-hr  
29
0.99 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV  
99+
4.96 eV  
11
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
70  
99+
75  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Ytterbium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
70  
99+
75  
40
Number of Neutrons
103  
32
111  
27
Number of Electrons
70  
99+
75  
40
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
176.00 pm  
20
137.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm  
20
151.00 pm  
36
Van der Waals Radius
242.00 pm  
16
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
173.05 amu  
99+
186.21 amu  
36
Atomic Volume
24.79 cm3/mol  
13
8.85 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thulium
  
Tungsten
  
Next Element
Lutetium
  
Osmium
  
Valence Electron Potential
50.30 (-eV)  
28
180.00 (-eV)  
3
Lattice Constant
548.47 pm  
12
276.10 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61  
20
1.62  
17
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.90 g/cm3  
99+
21.02 g/cm3  
12
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.21 g/cm3  
99+
18.90 g/cm3  
14
Tensile Strength
58.00 MPa  
36
1,070.00 MPa  
3
Viscosity
0.00  
20
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
40
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
9.90 GPa  
99+
178.00 GPa  
3
Bulk Modulus
30.50 GPa  
99+
370.00 GPa  
2
Young's Modulus
23.90 GPa  
99+
463.00 GPa  
2
Poisson Ratio
0.21  
34
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.97  
99+
21.02  
14
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
8
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
26
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.25 nΩ·m  
99+
193.00 nΩ·m  
20
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.05 106/cm Ω  
38
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
14.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)  
37
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K  
32
25.48 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
38.50 W/m·K  
35
48.00 W/m·K  
31
Critical Temperature
26.30 K  
99+
3,459.00 K  
2
Thermal Expansion
26.30 µm/(m·K)  
14
6.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.90 kJ/mol  
99+
707.10 kJ/mol  
4
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol  
99+
33.05 kJ/mol  
2
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
791.00 kJ/mol  
2
Standard Molar Entropy
59.90 J/mol.K  
26
36.90 J/mol.K  
99+
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