Yttrium vs Tin
Periodic Table
Symbol
Y
Sn
Group Number
3
15
14
4
Period Number
5
5
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440655
25
7440315
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
I41/amd
Space Group Number
194.00
5
141.00
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
- Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin
Unknown
Discovery
In 1794
Before 3500 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-7 %
17
4 * 10-7 %
20
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
21
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
22
0.00 %
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
25
0.00 %
26
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
- It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
- Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
26
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
10
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.
25
1.40 p.p.m.
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C
27
231.90 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C
21
2,270.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa
22
50.00 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s
23
2,730.00 m/s
32
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
β Allotropes
Not Available
White Tin (Beta Tin)
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Y
Sn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
19
20
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22
38
1.96
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65
29
1.49
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11
29
1.72
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.21
3
Allen Electronegativity
1.12
38
1.82
11
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78
16
2.04
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
99+
708.60 kJ/mol
33
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol
30
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol
10
3,930.30 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol
14
7,456.00 kJ/mol
13
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol
19
Not Available
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV
35
4.42 eV
16
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
39
99+
50
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
39
99+
50
99+
Number of Neutrons
50
99+
69
99+
Number of Electrons
39
99+
50
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm
14
140.00 pm
38
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm
18
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
217.00 pm
23
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu
99+
118.71 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol
21
16.30 cm3/mol
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)
30
83.50 (-eV)
14
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm
31
583.18 pm
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
16
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3
99+
7.37 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3
99+
6.99 g/cm3
34
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
32
0.00 (Pa)
17
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)
10
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa
30
18.00 GPa
36
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa
30
58.00 GPa
20
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa
32
50.00 GPa
36
Poisson Ratio
0.24
26
0.36
8
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.47
99+
7.31
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Superconductor
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m
8
115.00 nΩ·m
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω
23
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol
30
107.30 kJ/mol
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)
18
0.23 J/(kg K)
28
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K
27
27.11 J/mol·K
20
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K
99+
66.80 W/m·K
25
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)
37
22.00 µm/(m·K)
20
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol
18
290.40 kJ/mol
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol
16
7.03 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol
18
301.30 kJ/mol
35
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K
33
51.20 J/mol.K
29
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