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Yttrium vs Tin

Yttrium
Tin
Tin vs Yttrium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Y  
Sn  
Group Number
3  
15
14  
4
Period Number
5  
5  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440655  
25
7440315  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
I41/amd  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
141.00  
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
  • Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin  
-  
Discovery
In 1794  
Before 3500 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
  • It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
26
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.  
30
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
Physical
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C  
27
231.90 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C  
22
2,270.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa  
26
50.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
590.00 MPa  
29
50.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s  
34
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
83.00 %  
6
51.00 %  
30
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
β Allotropes
-  
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
γ Allotropes
-  
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Y  
Sn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
19  
20
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22  
39
1.96  
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65  
99+
1.49  
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11  
30
1.72  
5
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.22  
38
2.21  
5
Allen Electronegativity
1.12  
99+
1.82  
14
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78  
16
2.04  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
19
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol  
22
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol  
23
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
14th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
33
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
60,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
16th Energy Level
60,000.00 kJ/mol  
34
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
17th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
19th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
20th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
21st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
23rd Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
25th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
26th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
27th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
28th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
29th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
30th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV  
99+
4.42 eV  
22
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
39  
99+
50  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
39  
99+
50  
99+
Number of Neutrons
50  
99+
69  
99+
Number of Electrons
39  
99+
50  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
140.00 pm  
40
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm  
18
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
217.00 pm  
29
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu  
99+
118.71 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol  
33
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Strontium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Zirconium
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)  
31
83.50 (-eV)  
14
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm  
34
583.18 pm  
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
39
0.68  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3  
99+
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3  
99+
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
160.00 MPa  
22
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
18
0.00  
15
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
34
0.00 (Pa)  
18
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)  
10
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa  
37
18.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa  
35
58.00 GPa  
21
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa  
34
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.24  
26
0.36  
8
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4.47  
99+
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
18
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m  
8
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol  
36
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)  
18
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K  
35
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K  
99+
66.80 W/m·K  
25
Critical Temperature
1,799.00 K  
31
505.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol  
25
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol  
16
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol  
23
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K  
99+
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
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