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Zinc vs Dubnium

Zinc
Dubnium
Dubnium vs Zinc


Periodic Table
Symbol
Zn  
Db  
Group Number
12  
6
5  
13
Period Number
4  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440666  
24
53850354  
14
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
  • IUPAC allotted a temporary name to Dubnium metal as “ Unnilpentium”.
  • In the production of Dubnium, thermal gradient chromatography is used.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Produced by Bombarding Am243 with Ne22, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Indian metallurgists  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
Before 1000 BCE  
In 1968  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
12
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
10
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.02 %  
12
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
16
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
10
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
7
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
  • Currently known uses of Dubnium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
6
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
170.00 p.p.m.  
6
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
419.58 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
907.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
15
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
327.00 MPa  
39
330.00 MPa  
38
Vickers Hardness
207.00 MPa  
99+
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,850.00 m/s  
25
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
99+
1.20  
99+
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
55.00 %  
27
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Zn  
Db  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
10  
28
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.65  
20
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.23  
7
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.66  
8
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.65  
20
1.10  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.59  
25
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.35  
35
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
6
664.80 kJ/mol  
38
2nd Energy Level
1,733.30 kJ/mol  
28
1,546.70 kJ/mol  
39
3rd Energy Level
3,833.00 kJ/mol  
12
2,378.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,731.00 kJ/mol  
20
3,298.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,970.00 kJ/mol  
15
4,305.20 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
10,400.00 kJ/mol  
15
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
7th Energy level
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
9
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
16,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
19,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
23,000.00 kJ/mol  
10
8,830.00 kJ/mol  
22
11th Energy Level
26,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
29,990.00 kJ/mol  
33
88,300.00 kJ/mol  
2
13th Energy Level
40,490.00 kJ/mol  
5
4,760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
43,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
47,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
55,900.00 kJ/mol  
10
1,129.00 kJ/mol  
19
18th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
11
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
67,300.00 kJ/mol  
10
1,094.90 kJ/mol  
18
20th Energy Level
171,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
179,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
883.00 kJ/mol  
36
22nd Energy Level
906.00 kJ/mol  
9
330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
37
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
33
24th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
5
528.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
4
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
4
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
3
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
6
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
3
29th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
7
1,094.00 kJ/mol  
5
30th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
4
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.22 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV  
24
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
30  
99+
105  
13
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
30  
99+
105  
13
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
30  
99+
105  
13
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
122.00 pm  
99+
149.00 pm  
37
Van der Waals Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
65.38 amu  
99+
268.00 amu  
10
Atomic Volume
9.20 cm3/mol  
99+
22.80 cm3/mol  
17
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Copper
  
Rutherfordium
  
Next Element
Gallium
  
Seaborgium
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.90 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
266.49 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.86  
4
1.63  
14
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.14 g/cm3  
99+
29.30 g/cm3  
5
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.57 g/cm3  
99+
29.30 g/cm3  
6
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa  
27
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
7
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
34.00 GPa  
22
Bulk Modulus
70.00 GPa  
20
39.00 GPa  
39
Young's Modulus
108.00 GPa  
21
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.39  
5
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.90  
99+
39.00  
3
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
6
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
59.00 nΩ·m  
40
6.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.17 106/cm Ω  
12
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.39 J/(kg K)  
14
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
25.47 J/mol·K  
99+
29.30 J/mol·K  
11
Thermal Conductivity
116.00 W/m·K  
14
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
692.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
30.20 µm/(m·K)  
11
13.20 µm/(m·K)  
37
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
289.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
129.70 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
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