Zinc vs Molybdenum
Periodic Table
Symbol
Zn
Mo
Group Number
12
6
6
12
Period Number
4
5
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440666
24
7439987
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
- The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
- Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
- Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Indian metallurgists
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Discovery
Before 1000 BCE
In 1778
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-5 %
11
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.0002 %
10
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.02 %
12
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
16
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
10
0.00 %
9
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
6
0.00 %
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
- It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
- Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
- Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3
6
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
31
In Bone
170.00 p.p.m.
6
0.70 p.p.m.
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
419.58 °C
99+
2,617.00 °C
5
Boiling Point
907.00 °C
99+
4,612.00 °C
9
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
14
5.50
7
Brinell Hardness
327.00 MPa
32
1,370.00 MPa
7
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
1,400.00 MPa
6
Speed of Sound
3,850.00 m/s
18
5,400.00 m/s
6
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.00
2
Not Available
Reflectivity
80.00 %
5
58.00 %
15
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zn
Mo
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
25
14
25
14
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.65
19
2.16
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.23
6
1.15
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.66
7
1.30
24
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.65
11
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.59
22
2.16
3
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.35
35
1.84
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol
6
684.30 kJ/mol
37
2nd Energy Level
1,733.30 kJ/mol
27
1,560.00 kJ/mol
37
3rd Energy Level
3,833.00 kJ/mol
12
2,618.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
5,731.00 kJ/mol
11
4,480.00 kJ/mol
26
5th Energy Level
7,970.00 kJ/mol
9
5,257.00 kJ/mol
32
6th Energy Level
10,400.00 kJ/mol
9
6,640.80 kJ/mol
22
7th Energy level
12,900.00 kJ/mol
9
12,125.00 kJ/mol
13
8th Energy Level
16,800.00 kJ/mol
6
13,860.00 kJ/mol
16
9th Energy Level
19,600.00 kJ/mol
8
15,835.00 kJ/mol
16
10th Energy Level
23,000.00 kJ/mol
10
17,980.00 kJ/mol
18
11th Energy Level
26,400.00 kJ/mol
11
20,190.00 kJ/mol
17
12th Energy Level
29,990.00 kJ/mol
11
22,219.00 kJ/mol
15
13th Energy Level
40,490.00 kJ/mol
5
26,930.00 kJ/mol
13
14th Energy Level
43,800.00 kJ/mol
6
29,196.00 kJ/mol
13
15th Energy Level
47,300.00 kJ/mol
8
52,490.00 kJ/mol
7
16th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol
9
55,000.00 kJ/mol
8
17th Energy Level
55,900.00 kJ/mol
10
61,400.00 kJ/mol
9
18th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol
11
67,700.00 kJ/mol
9
19th Energy Level
67,300.00 kJ/mol
10
74,000.00 kJ/mol
9
20th Energy Level
171,200.00 kJ/mol
1
80,400.00 kJ/mol
10
21st Energy Level
179,100.00 kJ/mol
1
87,000.00 kJ/mol
9
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
93,400.00 kJ/mol
7
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
98,420.00 kJ/mol
6
24th Energy Level
Not Available
104,400.00 kJ/mol
2
25th Energy Level
Not Available
121,900.00 kJ/mol
1
26th Energy Level
Not Available
127,700.00 kJ/mol
1
27th Energy Level
Not Available
133,800.00 kJ/mol
1
28th Energy Level
Not Available
139,800.00 kJ/mol
1
29th Energy Level
Not Available
148,100.00 kJ/mol
1
30th Energy Level
Not Available
154,500.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.22 g/amp-hr
99+
0.89 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV
17
4.60 eV
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
30
99+
42
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2
[Kr] 4d5 5s1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
30
99+
42
99+
Number of Neutrons
35
99+
54
99+
Number of Electrons
30
99+
42
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm
99+
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
122.00 pm
99+
154.00 pm
32
Van der Waals Radius
139.00 pm
99+
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
65.38 amu
99+
95.95 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.20 cm3/mol
99+
9.40 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
38.90 (-eV)
99+
88.60 (-eV)
13
Lattice Constant
266.49 pm
99+
314.70 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.14 g/cm3
99+
10.28 g/cm3
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.57 g/cm3
37
9.33 g/cm3
20
Tensile Strength
Not Available
324.00 MPa
13
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
26
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa
18
126.00 GPa
8
Bulk Modulus
70.00 GPa
19
230.00 GPa
6
Young's Modulus
108.00 GPa
19
329.00 GPa
6
Poisson Ratio
0.25
24
0.31
13
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Weldable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.90
99+
10.22
27
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
59.00 nΩ·m
40
53.40 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.17 106/cm Ω
12
0.19 106/cm Ω
11
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
71.90 kJ/mol
14
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.39 J/(kg K)
14
0.25 J/(kg K)
21
Molar Heat Capacity
25.47 J/mol·K
39
24.06 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
116.00 W/m·K
14
138.00 W/m·K
12
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
30.20 µm/(m·K)
11
4.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
594.10 kJ/mol
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
27.61 kJ/mol
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
129.70 kJ/mol
99+
653.00 kJ/mol
7
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
36
28.70 J/mol.K
99+
|
||
|
||
|
