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Zinc vs Molybdenum

Zinc
Molybdenum
Molybdenum vs Zinc


Periodic Table
Symbol
Zn   
Mo   
Group Number
12   
6
6   
12
Period Number
4   
5   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440666   
24
7439987   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Indian metallurgists   
Carl Wilhelm Scheele   
Discovery
Before 1000 BCE   
In 1778   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-5 %   
11
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.0002 %   
10
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.02 %   
12
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %   
16
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
10
0.00 %   
9
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
6
0.00 %   
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
6
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
In Bone
170.00 p.p.m.   
6
0.70 p.p.m.   
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
419.58 °C   
99+
2,617.00 °C   
5
Boiling Point
907.00 °C   
99+
4,612.00 °C   
9
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
5.50   
7
Brinell Hardness
327.00 MPa   
32
1,370.00 MPa   
7
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,400.00 MPa   
6
Speed of Sound
3,850.00 m/s   
18
5,400.00 m/s   
6
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
2
Not Available   
Reflectivity
80.00 %   
5
58.00 %   
15
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zn   
Mo   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25   
14
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.65   
19
2.16   
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.23   
6
1.15   
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.66   
7
1.30   
24
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.65   
11
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.59   
22
2.16   
3
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.35   
35
1.84   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol   
6
684.30 kJ/mol   
37
2nd Energy Level
1,733.30 kJ/mol   
27
1,560.00 kJ/mol   
37
3rd Energy Level
3,833.00 kJ/mol   
12
2,618.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
5,731.00 kJ/mol   
11
4,480.00 kJ/mol   
26
5th Energy Level
7,970.00 kJ/mol   
9
5,257.00 kJ/mol   
32
6th Energy Level
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
6,640.80 kJ/mol   
22
7th Energy level
12,900.00 kJ/mol   
9
12,125.00 kJ/mol   
13
8th Energy Level
16,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
13,860.00 kJ/mol   
16
9th Energy Level
19,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
15,835.00 kJ/mol   
16
10th Energy Level
23,000.00 kJ/mol   
10
17,980.00 kJ/mol   
18
11th Energy Level
26,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
20,190.00 kJ/mol   
17
12th Energy Level
29,990.00 kJ/mol   
11
22,219.00 kJ/mol   
15
13th Energy Level
40,490.00 kJ/mol   
5
26,930.00 kJ/mol   
13
14th Energy Level
43,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
29,196.00 kJ/mol   
13
15th Energy Level
47,300.00 kJ/mol   
8
52,490.00 kJ/mol   
7
16th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol   
9
55,000.00 kJ/mol   
8
17th Energy Level
55,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
61,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
18th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
67,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
19th Energy Level
67,300.00 kJ/mol   
10
74,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
20th Energy Level
171,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
80,400.00 kJ/mol   
10
21st Energy Level
179,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
87,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
93,400.00 kJ/mol   
7
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
98,420.00 kJ/mol   
6
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
104,400.00 kJ/mol   
2
25th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,900.00 kJ/mol   
1
26th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,700.00 kJ/mol   
1
27th Energy Level
Not Available   
133,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
28th Energy Level
Not Available   
139,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
29th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
30th Energy Level
Not Available   
154,500.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.22 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.89 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV   
17
4.60 eV   
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
30   
99+
42   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2   
[Kr] 4d5 5s1   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
30   
99+
42   
99+
Number of Neutrons
35   
99+
54   
99+
Number of Electrons
30   
99+
42   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm   
99+
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
122.00 pm   
99+
154.00 pm   
32
Van der Waals Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
65.38 amu   
99+
95.95 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
9.20 cm3/mol   
99+
9.40 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Copper
  
Niobium
  
Next Element
Gallium
  
Technetium
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.90 (-eV)   
99+
88.60 (-eV)   
13
Lattice Constant
266.49 pm   
99+
314.70 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.14 g/cm3   
99+
10.28 g/cm3   
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.57 g/cm3   
37
9.33 g/cm3   
20
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
324.00 MPa   
13
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa   
18
126.00 GPa   
8
Bulk Modulus
70.00 GPa   
19
230.00 GPa   
6
Young's Modulus
108.00 GPa   
19
329.00 GPa   
6
Poisson Ratio
0.25   
24
0.31   
13
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.90   
99+
10.22   
27
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
59.00 nΩ·m   
40
53.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.17 106/cm Ω   
12
0.19 106/cm Ω   
11
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
71.90 kJ/mol   
14
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.39 J/(kg K)   
14
0.25 J/(kg K)   
21
Molar Heat Capacity
25.47 J/mol·K   
39
24.06 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
116.00 W/m·K   
14
138.00 W/m·K   
12
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
30.20 µm/(m·K)   
11
4.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
594.10 kJ/mol   
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
27.61 kJ/mol   
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
129.70 kJ/mol   
99+
653.00 kJ/mol   
7
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
28.70 J/mol.K   
99+
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