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Molybdenum vs Zinc

Molybdenum
Zinc
Zinc vs Molybdenum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mo  
Zn  
Group Number
6  
12
12  
6
Period Number
5  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439987  
99+
7440666  
24
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
229.00  
1
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele  
Indian metallurgists  
Discovery
In 1778  
Before 1000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %  
19
3 * 10-5 %  
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %  
19
~0.0002 %  
10
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
0.02 %  
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.01 %  
16
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
9
0.00 %  
10
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
14
0.00 %  
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
6
In Bone
0.70 p.p.m.  
18
170.00 p.p.m.  
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,617.00 °C  
5
419.58 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
4,612.00 °C  
9
907.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
2.50  
14
Brinell Hardness
1,370.00 MPa  
7
327.00 MPa  
32
Vickers Hardness
1,400.00 MPa  
6
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
5,400.00 m/s  
6
3,850.00 m/s  
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available  
1.00  
2
Reflectivity
58.00 %  
15
80.00 %  
5
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Mo  
Zn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.16  
5
1.65  
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.15  
19
2.23  
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
24
1.66  
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.65  
11
Allen Electronegativity
2.16  
3
1.59  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.84  
99+
2.35  
35
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
684.30 kJ/mol  
37
906.40 kJ/mol  
6
2nd Energy Level
1,560.00 kJ/mol  
37
1,733.30 kJ/mol  
27
3rd Energy Level
2,618.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,833.00 kJ/mol  
12
4th Energy Level
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
26
5,731.00 kJ/mol  
11
5th Energy Level
5,257.00 kJ/mol  
32
7,970.00 kJ/mol  
9
6th Energy Level
6,640.80 kJ/mol  
22
10,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
7th Energy level
12,125.00 kJ/mol  
13
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
9
8th Energy Level
13,860.00 kJ/mol  
16
16,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
9th Energy Level
15,835.00 kJ/mol  
16
19,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
10th Energy Level
17,980.00 kJ/mol  
18
23,000.00 kJ/mol  
10
11th Energy Level
20,190.00 kJ/mol  
17
26,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
12th Energy Level
22,219.00 kJ/mol  
15
29,990.00 kJ/mol  
11
13th Energy Level
26,930.00 kJ/mol  
13
40,490.00 kJ/mol  
5
14th Energy Level
29,196.00 kJ/mol  
13
43,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
15th Energy Level
52,490.00 kJ/mol  
7
47,300.00 kJ/mol  
8
16th Energy Level
55,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
52,300.00 kJ/mol  
9
17th Energy Level
61,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
55,900.00 kJ/mol  
10
18th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
11
19th Energy Level
74,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
67,300.00 kJ/mol  
10
20th Energy Level
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
171,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
21st Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
179,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
22nd Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
Not Available  
23rd Energy Level
98,420.00 kJ/mol  
6
Not Available  
24th Energy Level
104,400.00 kJ/mol  
2
Not Available  
25th Energy Level
121,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
26th Energy Level
127,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
27th Energy Level
133,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
28th Energy Level
139,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
29th Energy Level
148,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
30th Energy Level
154,500.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.89 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.22 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.60 eV  
12
4.33 eV  
17
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
42  
99+
30  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s1  
[Ar] 3d10 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
42  
99+
30  
99+
Number of Neutrons
54  
99+
35  
99+
Number of Electrons
42  
99+
30  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
39
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
154.00 pm  
32
122.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
28
139.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
95.95 amu  
99+
65.38 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.40 cm3/mol  
99+
9.20 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Niobium
  
Copper
  
Next Element
Technetium
  
Gallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
88.60 (-eV)  
13
38.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
314.70 pm  
99+
266.49 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.28 g/cm3  
36
7.14 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.33 g/cm3  
20
6.57 g/cm3  
37
Tensile Strength
324.00 MPa  
13
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
126.00 GPa  
8
43.00 GPa  
18
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
70.00 GPa  
19
Young's Modulus
329.00 GPa  
6
108.00 GPa  
19
Poisson Ratio
0.31  
13
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Weldable  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.22  
27
6.90  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
53.40 nΩ·m  
99+
59.00 nΩ·m  
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
11
0.17 106/cm Ω  
12
Electron Affinity
71.90 kJ/mol  
14
0.00 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.25 J/(kg K)  
21
0.39 J/(kg K)  
14
Molar Heat Capacity
24.06 J/mol·K  
99+
25.47 J/mol·K  
39
Thermal Conductivity
138.00 W/m·K  
12
116.00 W/m·K  
14
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
4.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
30.20 µm/(m·K)  
11
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
594.10 kJ/mol  
8
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
27.61 kJ/mol  
5
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
653.00 kJ/mol  
7
129.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
28.70 J/mol.K  
99+
41.60 J/mol.K  
36
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