cerium mungsuh thorium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Ce
Th
Panggil Group
ora Sumadhiya
0
18
Panggil periode
6
7
Block
pemblokiran f
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
lanthanide
actinide
CAS Number
7440451
99+
7440326
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
Character length exceed error
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
- Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Discovery
ing 1803
ing 1829
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
3 * 10-4 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000004 %
23
~0.0004 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
27
0.05 %
11
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.01 %
18
0.66 %
7
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
33
0.00 %
15
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Kang digunakake kanggo kalebu flints kanggo korek rokok.
- Sawijining senyawa Cerium (Gerah) oksida digunakake minangka katalis; sijine nang tembok saka open minangka ngalangi saka buildup saka ampas masak.
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
- senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Medical Research
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
Properties biologi
keracunan
arep Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
30
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
33
ing Bone
2.70 ppm
14
0.02 ppm
29
fisik Properties
leleh Point
795.00 ° C
99+
1,750.00 ° C
17
Boiling Point
3,257.00 ° C
23
4,790.00 ° C
8
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Silver
luster
lustrous
NA
atose
Mohs atose
2.50
14
3.00
12
Brinell atose
186.00 MPa
99+
390.00 MPa
29
Vickers atose
210.00 MPa
32
295.00 MPa
29
Kacepetan swara
2,100.00 m / s
99+
2,490.00 m / s
36
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Ce
Th
isotop
Isotop dikenal
30
9
28
11
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.12
99+
1.30
32
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.08
31
1.11
29
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.88
11
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
534.40 kJ / mol
99+
587.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,050.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,110.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
1,949.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,978.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
3,547.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,780.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 5th
6,325.00 kJ / mol
22
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
7,490.00 kJ / mol
21
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.74 g / amp-day
99+
2.16 g / amp-day
24
Fungsi Work elektron
2.84 eV
39
3.41 eV
32
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
58
99+
90
28
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 1 5d 1 6s 2
[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2
Struktur Crystal
Double Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (DHCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cerium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
58
99+
90
28
Jumlah Neutron
82
99+
142
15
Jumlah Èlèktron
58
99+
90
28
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
181.80 pm
12
179.80 pm
15
kovalen Radius
204.00 pm
8
206.00 pm
7
Van der Waals Radius
235.00 pm
17
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
140.12 Amu
99+
232.04 Amu
23
Volume atom
20.67 cm3 / mol
17
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
41.78 (-eV)
99+
59.30 (-eV)
23
Constant pola
362.00 pm
34
508.42 pm
14
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
6.77 g / cm 3
99+
11.72 g / cm 3
32
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.55 g / cm3
38
ora Sumadhiya
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
34
ora Sumadhiya
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
1.04 (Pa)
13
0.00 (Pa)
22
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
13.50 GPA
99+
31.00 GPA
21
pengaturan akeh
21.50 GPA
99+
54.00 GPA
22
Young kang pengaturan
33.60 GPA
99+
79.00 GPA
24
Poisson rasio
0.24
27
0.27
20
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
6.77
99+
11.70
23
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
superconductor
resistivity
828.00 nΩ · m
3
157.00 nΩ · m
22
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
31
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
ora Sumadhiya
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.19 J / (kg K)
32
0.12 J / (kg K)
40
Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.94 J / mol · K
23
26.23 J / mol · K
30
doyo termal
11.30 W / m · K
99+
54.00 W / m · K
28
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
6.30 μm / (m · K)
99+
11.00 μm / (m · K)
36
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
414.00 kJ / mol
16
429.00 kJ / mol
15
Enthalpy saka Fusion
5.46 kJ / mol
99+
15.48 kJ / mol
19
Enthalpy saka atomization
381.00 kJ / mol
23
468.60 kJ / mol
15
Standard molar Entropy
72.00 J / mol.K
12
27.30 J / mol.K
99+
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