1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74299057439987
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
- Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
- It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
- Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
- Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
2.2 Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %5 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %~0.0000009 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
- Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
- Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.0.70 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
660.37 °C2,617.00 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C4,612.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa1,370.00 MPa
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
160.00 MPa1,400.00 MPa
121
3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s5,400.00 m/s
818
16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.2 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol684.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol1,560.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol2,618.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/mol4,480.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/mol5,257.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/mol6,640.80 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/mol12,125.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/mol13,860.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/mol15,835.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/mol17,980.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/mol20,190.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NA22,219.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NA26,930.00 kJ/mol
26930
76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NA29,196.00 kJ/mol
29196
86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NA52,490.00 kJ/mol
41987
97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NA55,000.00 kJ/mol
47206
109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NA61,400.00 kJ/mol
52737
122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NA67,700.00 kJ/mol
58570
134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NA74,000.00 kJ/mol
64702
148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NA80,400.00 kJ/mol
80400
171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NA87,000.00 kJ/mol
87000
179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NA93,400.00 kJ/mol
93400
184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NA98,420.00 kJ/mol
98420
198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NA104,400.00 kJ/mol
104400
195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NA121,900.00 kJ/mol
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121900
121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NA127,700.00 kJ/mol
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127700
127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NA133,800.00 kJ/mol
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133800
133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NA139,800.00 kJ/mol
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139800
139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NA148,100.00 kJ/mol
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148100
148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NA154,500.00 kJ/mol
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154500
154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr0.89 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
[Kr] 4d5 5s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
143.00 pm139.00 pm
112
265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
121.00 pm154.00 pm
96
260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
6.6 Atomic Weight
26.98 amu95.95 amu
6.94
294
6.7 Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol9.40 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)88.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
404.95 pm314.70 pm
228.58
891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm310.28 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm39.33 g/cm3
0.512
20
7.2 Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa324.00 MPa
2.5
11000
7.3 Viscosity
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa126.00 GPa
1.3
222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa230.00 GPa
1.6
462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa329.00 GPa
1.7
528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Weldable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
0.00 H/mNA
1.25643E-06
0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
8.2.2 Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m53.40 nΩ·m
0.18
961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω0.19 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol71.90 kJ/mol
0
222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)0.25 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K24.06 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K138.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
9.4 Critical Temperature
9.5 Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)4.80 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol594.10 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol27.61 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol653.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K28.70 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1