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Aluminium vs Vanadium

Aluminium
Vanadium
Vanadium vs Aluminium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Al   
V   
Group Number
13   
5
5   
13
Period Number
3   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7429905   
99+
7440622   
27
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted   
Andrés Manuel del Río   
Discovery
In 1825   
In 1801   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %   
5
1 * 10-4 %   
10
Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %   
5
~0.00004 %   
13
Abundance In Meteorites
0.91 %   
5
0.01 %   
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
8.10 %   
1
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
6
0.00 %   
14
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
10
0.00 %   
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
36
In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.   
11
0.00 p.p.m.   
31
Physical Properties
Melting Point
660.37 °C   
99+
1,890.00 °C   
13
Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C   
99+
3,380.00 °C   
20
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Blue-Silver Grey   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.75   
13
6.70   
4
Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa   
99+
600.00 MPa   
20
Vickers Hardness
160.00 MPa   
35
628.00 MPa   
17
Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s   
10
4,560.00 m/s   
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
71.00 %   
10
61.00 %   
14
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Al   
V   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
11   
27
22   
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.61   
22
1.63   
20
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.71   
13
1.39   
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47   
14
1.45   
16
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.83   
8
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.61   
20
1.53   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.39   
32
2.37   
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+
650.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19
1,414.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38
2,830.00 kJ/mol   
35
4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3
4,507.00 kJ/mol   
25
5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2
6,298.70 kJ/mol   
23
6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2
12,363.00 kJ/mol   
5
7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2
14,530.00 kJ/mol   
5
8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2
16,730.00 kJ/mol   
7
9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2
19,860.00 kJ/mol   
7
10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4
22,240.00 kJ/mol   
12
11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5
24,670.00 kJ/mol   
15
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,730.00 kJ/mol   
12
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,446.00 kJ/mol   
12
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
86,450.00 kJ/mol   
1
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
94,170.00 kJ/mol   
2
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
102,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
112,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
130,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
143,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
151,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.38 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.28 eV   
19
4.30 eV   
18
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
13   
99+
23   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   
[Ar] 3d3 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
13   
99+
23   
99+
Number of Neutrons
14   
99+
28   
99+
Number of Electrons
13   
99+
23   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
143.00 pm   
37
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
121.00 pm   
99+
153.00 pm   
33
Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm   
34
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
26.98 amu   
99+
50.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+
8.78 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Magnesium
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Potassium
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)   
17
120.00 (-eV)   
6
Lattice Constant
404.95 pm   
22
303.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm3   
99+
6.00 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa   
19
800.00 MPa   
6
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
18
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.23 (Pa)   
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa   
29
47.00 GPa   
16
Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa   
18
160.00 GPa   
11
Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa   
28
128.00 GPa   
15
Poisson Ratio
0.35   
9
0.37   
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.72   
99+
5.96   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
4
Not Available   
Susceptibility
0.00   
3
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+
197.00 nΩ·m   
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol   
26
50.60 kJ/mol   
20
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5
0.49 J/(kg K)   
10
Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+
24.89 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K   
4
30.70 W/m·K   
39
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17
8.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol   
31
458.60 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol   
35
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol   
31
514.60 kJ/mol   
13
Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+
28.90 J/mol.K   
99+
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