1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.3 Block
1.4 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Post-Transition
1.5 CAS Number
74403937440086
7429905
54386242
1.6 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
- All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
- Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
- Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
- Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
- Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
2.3 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
2.5 History
2.5.1 Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
2.5.2 Discovery
2.6 Abundance
2.6.1 Abundance In Universe
2.6.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.9.1 Abundance In Meteorites
3.4.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.5.2 Abundance In Oceans
3.7.1 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
-
Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
- Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
- A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.3 Present in Human Body
4.2.4 In Blood
0.07 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.3.1 In Bone
70.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
2 Physical
2.1 Melting Point
725.00 °C254.00 °C
27
3410
3.2 Boiling Point
1,140.00 °C962.00 °C
147
5660
3.8 Appearance
3.8.1 Physical State
3.8.2 Color
3.8.3 Luster
3.9 Hardness
3.9.1 Mohs Hardness
4.1.1 Brinell Hardness
5.5.1 Vickers Hardness
5.8 Speed of Sound
5.11 Optical Properties
5.11.1 Refractive Index
5.11.4 Reflectivity
5.13 Allotropes
5.13.1 α Allotropes
5.13.2 β Allotropes
5.13.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.3 Electronegativity
6.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
7.2.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
7.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
7.3.5 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.2.2 Allen Electronegativity
10.4 Electropositivity
10.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.7 Ionization Energies
10.7.1 1st Energy Level
502.90 kJ/mol812.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
10.7.3 2nd Energy Level
965.20 kJ/molNA
710.2162
28750
10.8.5 3rd Energy Level
3,600.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
10.9.1 4th Energy Level
10.10.2 5th Energy Level
10.11.2 6th Energy Level
11.3.1 7th Energy level
12.2.3 8th Energy Level
12.3.2 9th Energy Level
12.4.1 10th Energy Level
12.4.4 11th Energy Level
12.5.2 12th Energy Level
12.6.1 13th Energy Level
12.8.2 14th Energy Level
12.9.4 15th Energy Level
12.9.7 16th Energy Level
12.9.10 17th Energy Level
12.9.13 18th Energy Level
12.9.16 19th Energy Level
12.10.1 20th Energy Level
12.10.4 21st Energy Level
12.10.6 22nd Energy Level
12.10.9 23rd Energy Level
12.10.12 24th Energy Level
12.10.13 25th Energy Level
12.10.16 26th Energy Level
12.10.19 27th Energy Level
12.10.20 28th Energy Level
1.2.1 29th Energy Level
1.2.4 30th Energy Level
1.4 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.56 g/amp-hr3.90 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
1.8 Electron Work Function
1.11 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
2 Atomic
2.1 Atomic Number
2.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
2.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Monoclinic (MON)
2.3.1 Crystal Lattice
2.4 Atom
2.4.1 Number of Protons
2.4.5 Number of Neutrons
2.4.10 Number of Electrons
2.5 Radius of an Atom
2.5.1 Atomic Radius
222.00 pm168.00 pm
112
265
2.6.2 Covalent Radius
215.00 pm140.00 pm
96
260
2.6.4 Van der Waals Radius
268.00 pm197.00 pm
139
348
2.8 Atomic Weight
137.33 amu209.00 amu
6.94
294
3.2 Atomic Volume
39.24 cm3/mol22.23 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
3.7 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
3.7.1 Previous Element
3.7.2 Next Element
3.8 Valence Electron Potential
3.10 Lattice Constant
502.80 pm335.90 pm
228.58
891.25
4.2 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
4.3 Lattice C/A Ratio
5 Mechanical
5.1 Density
5.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
3.51 g/cm39.20 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
5.3.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
3.34 g/cm39.40 g/cm3
0.512
20
5.4 Tensile Strength
5.5 Viscosity
5.6 Vapor Pressure
5.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
5.8.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
5.10 Elasticity properties
5.10.1 Shear Modulus
5.12.1 Bulk Modulus
5.16.1 Young's Modulus
6.2 Poisson Ratio
6.7 Other Mechanical Properties
7 Magnetic
7.1 Magnetic Characteristics
7.1.1 Specific Gravity
7.3.3 Magnetic Ordering
7.3.4 Permeability
7.6.1 Susceptibility
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
8.2.2 Resistivity
332.00 nΩ·m0.40 nΩ·m
0.18
961
8.3.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
9.2.3 Electron Affinity
13.95 kJ/mol183.30 kJ/mol
0
222.8
10 Thermal
10.1 Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
10.2 Molar Heat Capacity
28.07 J/mol·K26.40 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
11.3 Thermal Conductivity
18.40 W/m·K20.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
0.1 Critical Temperature
1.6 Thermal Expansion
20.60 µm/(m·K)23.50 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
1.14 Enthalpy
1.14.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
140.00 kJ/mol60.30 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
3.1.4 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol13.00 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
3.2.4 Enthalpy of Atomization
175.70 kJ/mol134.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
3.4 Standard Molar Entropy
62.50 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1