Beryllium vs Tantalum
Periodic Table
Symbol
Be
Ta
Group Number
2
16
5
13
Period Number
2
6
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440417
99+
7440257
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
- Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
- It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
- Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
- Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg
Discovery
In 1797
In 1802
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-7 %
23
8 * 10-9 %
31
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
35
0.00 %
37
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
39
0.00 %
31
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
19
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
- Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
- Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
- Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
32
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
32
0.03 p.p.m.
28
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,278.00 °C
36
2,996.00 °C
4
Boiling Point
2,970.00 °C
32
5,425.00 °C
4
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
White Gray
Gray Blue
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
5.50
7
6.50
5
Brinell Hardness
590.00 MPa
21
440.00 MPa
28
Vickers Hardness
1,670.00 MPa
4
870.00 MPa
12
Speed of Sound
12,890.00 m/s
2
3,400.00 m/s
22
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
78.00 %
6
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Be
Ta
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
9
29
31
8
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.57
24
1.50
27
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.81
12
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47
14
1.33
22
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54
12
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.58
23
1.34
33
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.43
30
2.50
27
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol
7
761.00 kJ/mol
18
2nd Energy Level
1,757.10 kJ/mol
23
1,500.00 kJ/mol
40
3rd Energy Level
14,848.70 kJ/mol
2
Not Available
4th Energy Level
21,006.60 kJ/mol
2
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.17 g/amp-hr
99+
1.35 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.98 eV
6
4.25 eV
21
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
4
99+
73
99+
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
4
99+
73
99+
Number of Neutrons
5
99+
108
28
Number of Electrons
4
99+
73
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
112.00 pm
99+
146.00 pm
35
Covalent Radius
96.00 pm
99+
170.00 pm
25
Van der Waals Radius
153.00 pm
99+
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
9.01 amu
99+
180.95 amu
38
Atomic Volume
5.00 cm3/mol
99+
10.90 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
82.00 (-eV)
15
110.00 (-eV)
7
Lattice Constant
228.58 pm
99+
330.13 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
18
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.85 g/cm3
99+
16.69 g/cm3
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.69 g/cm3
99+
15.00 g/cm3
9
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
19
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
31
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
132.00 GPa
7
69.00 GPa
13
Bulk Modulus
130.00 GPa
13
200.00 GPa
8
Young's Modulus
287.00 GPa
7
186.00 GPa
13
Poisson Ratio
0.03
35
0.34
10
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
1.85
99+
16.65
11
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
Resistivity
36.00 nΩ·m
99+
131.00 nΩ·m
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.31 106/cm Ω
5
0.08 106/cm Ω
27
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
31.00 kJ/mol
29
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.82 J/(kg K)
2
0.14 J/(kg K)
37
Molar Heat Capacity
16.44 J/mol·K
99+
25.36 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
200.00 W/m·K
6
57.50 W/m·K
27
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
11.30 µm/(m·K)
34
6.30 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
294.70 kJ/mol
30
753.10 kJ/mol
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.72 kJ/mol
30
31.40 kJ/mol
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
326.40 kJ/mol
30
782.00 kJ/mol
3
Standard Molar Entropy
9.50 J/mol.K
99+
41.50 J/mol.K
37
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