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Beryllium vs Tungsten

Beryllium
Tungsten
Tungsten vs Beryllium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Be   
W   
Group Number
2   
16
6   
12
Period Number
2   
6   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440417   
99+
7440337   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin   
Not Available   
Discovery
In 1797   
In 1781   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-7 %   
23
5 * 10-8 %   
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %   
29
~0.0000004 %   
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
35
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
39
0.00 %   
18
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
19
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
32
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
32
0.00 p.p.m.   
35
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,278.00 °C   
36
3,410.00 °C   
1
Boiling Point
2,970.00 °C   
32
5,660.00 °C   
1
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
White Gray   
Grayish White   
Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50   
7
7.50   
2
Brinell Hardness
590.00 MPa   
21
2,000.00 MPa   
4
Vickers Hardness
1,670.00 MPa   
4
3,430.00 MPa   
1
Speed of Sound
12,890.00 m/s   
2
4,620.00 m/s   
16
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
62.00 %   
13
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Be   
W   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
9   
29
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.57   
24
2.36   
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.81   
12
0.98   
23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47   
14
1.40   
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54   
12
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.58   
23
1.47   
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.43   
30
1.64   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol   
7
770.00 kJ/mol   
16
2nd Energy Level
1,757.10 kJ/mol   
23
1,700.00 kJ/mol   
29
3rd Energy Level
14,848.70 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
21,006.60 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.17 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.98 eV   
6
4.55 eV   
13
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
4   
99+
74   
99+
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
4   
99+
74   
99+
Number of Neutrons
5   
99+
110   
27
Number of Electrons
4   
99+
74   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
112.00 pm   
99+
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
96.00 pm   
99+
162.00 pm   
29
Van der Waals Radius
153.00 pm   
99+
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
9.01 amu   
99+
183.84 amu   
37
Atomic Volume
5.00 cm3/mol   
99+
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lithium
  
Tantalum
  
Next Element
Sodium
  
Rhenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
82.00 (-eV)   
15
140.00 (-eV)   
5
Lattice Constant
228.58 pm   
99+
316.52 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57   
18
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.85 g/cm3   
99+
19.25 g/cm3   
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.69 g/cm3   
99+
17.60 g/cm3   
5
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
370.00 MPa   
10
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
19
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
32
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
132.00 GPa   
7
161.00 GPa   
5
Bulk Modulus
130.00 GPa   
13
310.00 GPa   
4
Young's Modulus
287.00 GPa   
7
411.00 GPa   
4
Poisson Ratio
0.03   
35
0.28   
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.85   
99+
19.22   
9
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
36.00 nΩ·m   
99+
52.80 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.31 106/cm Ω   
5
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
78.60 kJ/mol   
13
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.82 J/(kg K)   
2
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
16.44 J/mol·K   
99+
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
200.00 W/m·K   
6
173.00 W/m·K   
7
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
11.30 µm/(m·K)   
34
4.50 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
294.70 kJ/mol   
30
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.72 kJ/mol   
30
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
326.40 kJ/mol   
30
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
Standard Molar Entropy
9.50 J/mol.K   
99+
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
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