Beryllium Tungsten Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Be
W
Group Number
2
16
6
12
Period Number
2
6
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440417
99+
7440337
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
- Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
- It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
- Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
- Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Not Available
Discovery
In 1797
In 1781
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-7 %
23
5 * 10-8 %
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~0.0000004 %
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
35
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
39
0.00 %
18
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
19
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
- Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
- Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
- Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
32
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
32
0.00 p.p.m.
35
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,278.00 °C
36
3,410.00 °C
1
Boiling Point
2,970.00 °C
32
5,660.00 °C
1
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
White Gray
Grayish White
Luster
Metallic
Lustrous
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
5.50
7
7.50
2
Brinell Hardness
590.00 MPa
21
2,000.00 MPa
4
Vickers Hardness
1,670.00 MPa
4
3,430.00 MPa
1
Speed of Sound
12,890.00 m/s
2
4,620.00 m/s
16
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
62.00 %
13
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Be
W
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
9
29
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.57
24
2.36
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.81
12
0.98
23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47
14
1.40
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54
12
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.58
23
1.47
29
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.43
30
1.64
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol
7
770.00 kJ/mol
16
2nd Energy Level
1,757.10 kJ/mol
23
1,700.00 kJ/mol
29
3rd Energy Level
14,848.70 kJ/mol
2
Not Available
4th Energy Level
21,006.60 kJ/mol
2
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.17 g/amp-hr
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.98 eV
6
4.55 eV
13
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
4
99+
74
99+
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
4
99+
74
99+
Number of Neutrons
5
99+
110
27
Number of Electrons
4
99+
74
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
112.00 pm
99+
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
96.00 pm
99+
162.00 pm
29
Van der Waals Radius
153.00 pm
99+
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
9.01 amu
99+
183.84 amu
37
Atomic Volume
5.00 cm3/mol
99+
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
82.00 (-eV)
15
140.00 (-eV)
5
Lattice Constant
228.58 pm
99+
316.52 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
18
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.85 g/cm3
99+
19.25 g/cm3
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.69 g/cm3
99+
17.60 g/cm3
5
Tensile Strength
Not Available
370.00 MPa
10
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
19
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
32
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
132.00 GPa
7
161.00 GPa
5
Bulk Modulus
130.00 GPa
13
310.00 GPa
4
Young's Modulus
287.00 GPa
7
411.00 GPa
4
Poisson Ratio
0.03
35
0.28
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
1.85
99+
19.22
9
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Superconductor
Resistivity
36.00 nΩ·m
99+
52.80 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.31 106/cm Ω
5
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
78.60 kJ/mol
13
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.82 J/(kg K)
2
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
16.44 J/mol·K
99+
24.27 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
200.00 W/m·K
6
173.00 W/m·K
7
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
11.30 µm/(m·K)
34
4.50 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
294.70 kJ/mol
30
799.10 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.72 kJ/mol
30
35.23 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
326.40 kJ/mol
30
837.00 kJ/mol
1
Standard Molar Entropy
9.50 J/mol.K
99+
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
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