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Bismuth vs Francium

Bismuth
Francium
Francium vs Bismuth


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi   
Fr   
Group Number
15   
3
1   
17
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
p block   
s block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Alkali   
CAS Number
7440699   
22
7440735   
18
Space Group Name
C12/m1   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
12.00   
12
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Formed by Decay Process, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy   
Marguerite Perey   
Discovery
In 1753   
In 1939   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %   
25
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %   
14
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
24
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
NA   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
271.30 °C   
99+
27.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C   
99+
677.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
NA   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.25   
15
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa   
99+
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bi   
Fr   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02   
6
0.70   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34   
3
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67   
6
0.86   
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15   
4
0.68   
25
Allen Electronegativity
2.01   
4
0.67   
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98   
99+
3.30   
1
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
Not Available   
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
Not Available   
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
8.32 g/amp-hr   
1
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV   
22
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
83   
33
87   
31
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
[Rn] 7s1   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
83   
33
87   
31
Number of Neutrons
126   
18
136   
17
Number of Electrons
83   
33
87   
31
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm   
29
Not Available   
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm   
36
260.00 pm   
1
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm   
26
348.00 pm   
1
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu   
29
223.00 amu   
27
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lead
  
Polonium
  
Next Element
Polonium
  
Radium
  
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
8.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm   
2
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3   
39
1.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3   
18
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa   
38
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.33   
11
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.79   
30
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
6
Not Available   
Susceptibility
0.00   
6
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
3.00 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
15.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
71.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
Not Available   
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