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Francium vs Bismuth


Bismuth vs Francium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Fr   
Bi   

Group Number
1   
17
15   
3

Period Number
7   
6   

Block
s block   
p block   

Element Family
Alkali   
Post-​Transition   

CAS Number
7440735   
18
7440699   
22

Space Group Name
Not Available   
C12/m1   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
12.00   
12

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  

Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey   
Claude François Geoffroy   

Discovery
In 1939   
In 1753   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
7 * 10-8 %   
25

Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.000006 %   
14

Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
24

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   

Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
NA   
Low Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.20 p.p.m.   
22

Physical Properties

Melting Point
27.00 °C   
99+
271.30 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
677.00 °C   
99+
1,560.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
NA   
Silver   

Luster
NA   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.25   
15

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
70.00 MPa   
99+

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
1,790.00 m/s   
99+

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Fr   
Bi   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
33   
6
33   
6

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
0.70   
99+
2.02   
6

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.34   
3

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86   
99+
1.67   
6

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68   
25
2.15   
4

Allen Electronegativity
0.67   
99+
2.01   
4

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
3.30   
1
1.98   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
703.00 kJ/mol   
35

2nd Energy Level
Not Available   
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33

3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28

5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30

6th Energy Level
Not Available   
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19

Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr   
1
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.22 eV   
22

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
87   
31
83   
33

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   

Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
87   
31
83   
33

Number of Neutrons
136   
17
126   
18

Number of Electrons
87   
31
83   
33

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
Not Available   
156.00 pm   
29

Covalent Radius
260.00 pm   
1
148.00 pm   
36

Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm   
1
207.00 pm   
26

Atomic Weight
223.00 amu   
27
208.98 amu   
29

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
21.30 cm3/mol   
14

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Polonium
  
Lead
  

Next Element
Radium
  
Polonium
  

Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)   
99+
41.90 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
667.40 pm   
2

Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3   
99+
9.78 g/cm3   
39

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
10.05 g/cm3   
18

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
12.00 GPa   
99+

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
31.00 GPa   
38

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
32.00 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.33   
11

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
Not Available   
9.79   
30

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   

Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
6

Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
6

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Semiconductor   

Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m   
99+
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
91.20 kJ/mol   
11

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.52 J/mol·K   
37

Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K   
99+
7.97 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
10.90 kJ/mol   
33

Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol   
99+
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
56.70 J/mol.K   
24

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