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Cadmium
Cadmium

Manganese
Manganese



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Cadmium Manganese Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Cd
Mn
1.2 Group Number
127
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.4 Period Number
54
Lithium Metal
2 7
2.3 Block
d block
d block
2.4 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
2.5 CAS Number
74404397439965
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
2.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
I_ 43m
2.8 Space Group Number
194.00217.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
  • Naturally occurring minor elements include Cadmium.
  • Cadmium is released into atmosphere to control volcanic eruption and forest fires.
  • It is used for electroplating of Steel for corrosion resistance.
  • It can absorb neutrons and used in nuclear reactor to control atomic fission.
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
3.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer
Johann Gottlieb Gahn
3.3.2 Discovery
In 1817
In 1774
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %8 * 10-4 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
3.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000006 %~0.001 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
3.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.27 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
3.5.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.11 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
3.6.2 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
3.6.4 Abundance In Humans
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It has very limited uses as it is a toxic metal and it can cause birth defects, cancer, etc.
  • Almost 80% of Cadmium metal is used in Nickel cadmium Batteries and now it is getting replaced with nickel hydride.
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-30.08 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
4.2.5 In Bone
1.80 p.p.m.100.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
320.90 °C1,245.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
5.2 Boiling Point
765.00 °C1,962.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
5.3 Appearance
5.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
5.3.2 Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silver
5.3.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
5.4 Hardness
5.4.1 Mohs Hardness
2.006.00
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
5.4.4 Brinell Hardness
203.00 MPa196.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
5.4.6 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
5.5 Speed of Sound
2,310.00 m/s5,150.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
5.6 Optical Properties
5.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
5.6.2 Reflectivity
67.00 %NA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
5.7 Allotropes
5.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
Cd
Mn
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
3421
Tennessine Metal
0 38
6.3 Electronegativity
6.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.691.55
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
6.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
1.982.20
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
6.3.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.461.60
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
6.3.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.53NA
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
6.3.10 Allen Electronegativity
1.521.75
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
6.4 Electropositivity
6.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.312.45
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
6.5 Ionization Energies
6.5.1 1st Energy Level
867.80 kJ/mol717.30 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
6.5.3 2nd Energy Level
1,631.40 kJ/mol1,509.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
6.5.5 3rd Energy Level
3,616.00 kJ/mol3,248.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
6.5.8 4th Energy Level
NA4,940.00 kJ/mol
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
6.5.10 5th Energy Level
NA6,990.00 kJ/mol
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
6.6.1 6th Energy Level
NA9,220.00 kJ/mol
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
6.6.2 7th Energy level
NA11,500.00 kJ/mol
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
6.7.1 8th Energy Level
NA18,770.00 kJ/mol
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
7.1.1 9th Energy Level
NA21,400.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
7.1.2 10th Energy Level
NA23,960.00 kJ/mol
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
7.4.2 11th Energy Level
NA27,590.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
7.4.4 12th Energy Level
NA30,330.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
7.4.6 13th Energy Level
NA33,150.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
7.5.2 14th Energy Level
NA38,880.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
7.5.4 15th Energy Level
NA41,987.00 kJ/mol
Copper
41987 97510
7.5.6 16th Energy Level
NA109,480.00 kJ/mol
Iron Metal
47206 109480
7.6.1 17th Energy Level
NA118,100.00 kJ/mol
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
7.6.2 18th Energy Level
NA127,100.00 kJ/mol
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
7.7.1 19th Energy Level
NA138,600.00 kJ/mol
Copper Metal
64702 148700
7.9.1 20th Energy Level
NA148,500.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
7.9.2 21st Energy Level
NA158,600.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
7.10.1 22nd Energy Level
NA172,500.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
7.12.1 23rd Energy Level
NA181,380.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
8.1.2 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
8.1.3 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
8.1.5 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
8.1.6 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
8.2.1 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
8.3.1 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
8.4.2 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
8.5 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.10 g/amp-hr0.29 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
8.7 Electron Work Function
4.22 eV4.10 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
8.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
4825
Lithium Metal
3 117
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
9.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
4825
Lithium Metal
3 117
9.5.1 Number of Neutrons
6430
Lithium Metal
4 184
10.1.2 Number of Electrons
4825
Lithium Metal
3 117
10.2 Radius of an Atom
10.2.1 Atomic Radius
151.00 pm127.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
10.2.3 Covalent Radius
144.00 pm139.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
10.3.3 Van der Waals Radius
158.00 pm200.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
10.4 Atomic Weight
112.41 amu54.94 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
10.5 Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol1.39 cm3/mol
Palladium
1.39 71.07
11.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
11.2.1 Previous Element
11.2.2 Next Element
11.3 Valence Electron Potential
30.00 (-eV)220.00 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
11.5 Lattice Constant
297.94 pm891.25 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
11.6 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
11.8 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.89NA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.65 g/cm37.21 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
12.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.00 g/cm35.95 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
12.4 Tensile Strength
62.00 MPaNA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
12.6 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
12.7 Vapor Pressure
12.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA0.00 (Pa)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
12.7.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
12.8 Elasticity properties
12.8.1 Shear Modulus
19.00 GPaNA
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
12.9.1 Bulk Modulus
42.00 GPa120.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
12.9.2 Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa198.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
12.10 Poisson Ratio
0.30NA
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
12.11 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
13 Magnetic
13.1 Magnetic Characteristics
13.1.1 Specific Gravity
8.657.21
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
13.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
13.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
13.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
13.2 Electrical Properties
13.2.1 Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
13.2.2 Resistivity
72.70 nΩ·m1.44 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
13.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
13.2.4 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
14 Thermal
14.1 Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)0.48 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
14.2 Molar Heat Capacity
26.02 J/mol·K26.32 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
14.3 Thermal Conductivity
96.60 W/m·K7.81 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
14.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
14.5 Thermal Expansion
30.80 µm/(m·K)21.70 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
14.6 Enthalpy
14.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
100.00 kJ/mol219.70 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
14.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
6.19 kJ/mol14.64 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
14.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
113.00 kJ/mol280.30 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
14.7 Standard Molar Entropy
51.80 J/mol.K32.00 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1