Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Element Family
Lanthanide
Lanthanide
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
- Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
- If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Discovery
In 1803
In 1838
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Uses & Benefits
- It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
- Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
- It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
- The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Medical Research
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
6th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cerium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Lanthanum.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available