1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
74404517440735
7429905
54386242
1.3 Space Group Name
1.4 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
- 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
- Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
Marguerite Perey
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.7.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.9.1 Abundance In Meteorites
3.4.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.4 Abundance In Oceans
3.4.6 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
- Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
- Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
4.1.3 Medical Uses
4.1.4 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.2.4 In Bone
2.70 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
795.00 °C27.00 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
3,257.00 °C677.00 °C
147
5660
6.3 Appearance
6.3.1 Physical State
6.3.2 Color
6.3.3 Luster
6.4 Hardness
6.4.1 Mohs Hardness
7.1.1 Brinell Hardness
7.2.1 Vickers Hardness
7.5 Speed of Sound
7.6 Optical Properties
7.6.1 Refractive Index
7.6.2 Reflectivity
7.7 Allotropes
7.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.4 Electronegativity
8.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.5.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.2.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.2.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.3.2 Allen Electronegativity
9.4 Electropositivity
9.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.5 Ionization Energies
9.5.1 1st Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol380.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.5.3 2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/molNA
710.2162
28750
9.5.4 3rd Energy Level
1,949.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
9.5.6 4th Energy Level
3,547.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
9.6.2 5th Energy Level
6,325.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
9.7.2 6th Energy Level
7,490.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
9.7.4 7th Energy level
9.7.6 8th Energy Level
9.7.8 9th Energy Level
9.7.11 10th Energy Level
9.7.14 11th Energy Level
9.7.17 12th Energy Level
9.7.20 13th Energy Level
9.7.23 14th Energy Level
9.7.26 15th Energy Level
9.7.29 16th Energy Level
9.7.32 17th Energy Level
9.7.35 18th Energy Level
9.7.38 19th Energy Level
9.7.42 20th Energy Level
9.7.45 21st Energy Level
9.8.1 22nd Energy Level
9.9.1 23rd Energy Level
10.1.1 24th Energy Level
10.4.2 25th Energy Level
10.4.4 26th Energy Level
10.4.6 27th Energy Level
10.5.2 28th Energy Level
10.5.5 29th Energy Level
10.6.1 30th Energy Level
10.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.74 g/amp-hr8.32 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
10.12 Electron Work Function
11.2 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
12 Atomic
12.1 Atomic Number
12.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
[Rn] 7s1
12.4 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
12.4.1 Crystal Lattice
12.5 Atom
12.5.1 Number of Protons
12.7.3 Number of Neutrons
12.8.3 Number of Electrons
12.10 Radius of an Atom
12.10.1 Atomic Radius
13.1.4 Covalent Radius
204.00 pm260.00 pm
96
260
13.1.6 Van der Waals Radius
235.00 pm348.00 pm
139
348
13.3 Atomic Weight
140.12 amu223.00 amu
6.94
294
13.4 Atomic Volume
20.67 cm3/molNA
1.39
71.07
14.4 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.4.1 Previous Element
14.4.2 Next Element
14.5 Valence Electron Potential
41.78 (-eV)8.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.7 Lattice Constant
362.00 pmNA
228.58
891.25
14.9 Lattice Angles
14.10 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm31.87 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.2.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.3 Tensile Strength
15.4 Viscosity
15.5 Vapor Pressure
15.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
15.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
15.7 Elasticity properties
15.7.1 Shear Modulus
15.7.2 Bulk Modulus
15.7.3 Young's Modulus
15.8 Poisson Ratio
15.9 Other Mechanical Properties
16 Magnetic
16.1 Magnetic Characteristics
16.1.1 Specific Gravity
16.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
16.1.3 Permeability
16.1.4 Susceptibility
16.2 Electrical Properties
16.2.1 Electrical Property
16.2.2 Resistivity
828.00 nΩ·m3.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
16.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.03 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
16.2.4 Electron Affinity
17 Thermal
17.1 Specific Heat
17.2 Molar Heat Capacity
26.94 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
17.3 Thermal Conductivity
11.30 W/m·K15.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
17.4 Critical Temperature
17.5 Thermal Expansion
17.6 Enthalpy
17.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
414.00 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
17.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
17.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
381.00 kJ/mol71.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
17.7 Standard Molar Entropy
72.00 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1