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Cesium vs Vanadium

Cesium
Vanadium
Vanadium vs Cesium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cs   
V   
Group Number
1   
17
5   
13
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440462   
40
7440622   
27
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff   
Andrés Manuel del Río   
Discovery
In 1860   
In 1801   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-8 %   
24
1 * 10-4 %   
10
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000008 %   
20
~0.00004 %   
13
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
38
0.01 %   
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
35
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
17
0.00 %   
14
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
17
0.00 %   
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The most common use of cesium metal is as a drilling fluid. It is also used in optical glass manufacturing.
  • In vacuum tubes and radiation monitor equipment this metal is used as a catalyst promoter.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
28
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
36
In Bone
0.05 p.p.m.   
26
0.00 p.p.m.   
31
Physical Properties
Melting Point
28.50 °C   
99+
1,890.00 °C   
13
Boiling Point
678.40 °C   
99+
3,380.00 °C   
20
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gold   
Blue-Silver Grey   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.20   
25
6.70   
4
Brinell Hardness
0.14 MPa   
99+
600.00 MPa   
20
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
628.00 MPa   
17
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
4,560.00 m/s   
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
61.00 %   
14
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cs   
V   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36   
3
22   
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.79   
99+
1.63   
20
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.22   
33
1.39   
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86   
99+
1.45   
16
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.62   
26
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.66   
99+
1.53   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.21   
2
2.37   
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
375.70 kJ/mol   
99+
650.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
2,234.30 kJ/mol   
8
1,414.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,400.00 kJ/mol   
16
2,830.00 kJ/mol   
35
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,507.00 kJ/mol   
25
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,298.70 kJ/mol   
23
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
12,363.00 kJ/mol   
5
7th Energy level
Not Available   
14,530.00 kJ/mol   
5
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,730.00 kJ/mol   
7
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
19,860.00 kJ/mol   
7
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,240.00 kJ/mol   
12
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
24,670.00 kJ/mol   
15
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,730.00 kJ/mol   
12
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,446.00 kJ/mol   
12
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
86,450.00 kJ/mol   
1
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
94,170.00 kJ/mol   
2
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
102,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
112,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
130,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
143,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
151,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.96 g/amp-hr   
3
0.38 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.14 eV   
99+
4.30 eV   
18
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
55   
99+
23   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s1   
[Ar] 3d3 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
55   
99+
23   
99+
Number of Neutrons
78   
99+
28   
99+
Number of Electrons
55   
99+
23   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
265.00 pm   
1
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
244.00 pm   
2
153.00 pm   
33
Van der Waals Radius
343.00 pm   
2
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
132.91 amu   
99+
50.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
71.07 cm3/mol   
1
8.78 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tin
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Barium
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.62 (-eV)   
99+
120.00 (-eV)   
6
Lattice Constant
614.10 pm   
5
303.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.93 g/cm3   
99+
6.00 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.84 g/cm3   
99+
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
800.00 MPa   
6
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.23 (Pa)   
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
47.00 GPa   
16
Bulk Modulus
1.60 GPa   
99+
160.00 GPa   
11
Young's Modulus
1.70 GPa   
99+
128.00 GPa   
15
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.37   
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.87   
99+
5.96   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
205.00 nΩ·m   
17
197.00 nΩ·m   
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
Electron Affinity
45.50 kJ/mol   
25
50.60 kJ/mol   
20
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
0.49 J/(kg K)   
10
Molar Heat Capacity
32.21 J/mol·K   
4
24.89 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
35.90 W/m·K   
36
30.70 W/m·K   
39
Critical Temperature
1,938.00 K   
5
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
97.00 µm/(m·K)   
1
8.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
65.90 kJ/mol   
99+
458.60 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.10 kJ/mol   
99+
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
78.20 kJ/mol   
99+
514.60 kJ/mol   
13
Standard Molar Entropy
85.20 J/mol.K   
3
28.90 J/mol.K   
99+
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