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Dysprosium vs Livermorium

Dysprosium
Livermorium
Livermorium vs Dysprosium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Dy  
Lv  
Group Number
3  
15
16  
2
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
f block  
p block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Probably Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7429916  
99+
54100719  
3
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
  • Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
  
Livermorium was first synthesized in 2000 by a joint Russian-American research team.  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1886  
In 2000  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
33
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
28
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
35
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
  • Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
  
  • Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.50 p.p.m.  
22
Physical
Melting Point
1,407.00 °C  
32
-  
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C  
99+
3,500.00 °C  
18
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.00  
8
-  
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
350.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
540.00 MPa  
32
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,710.00 m/s  
99+
4,600.00 m/s  
21
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.78  
23
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
35.00 %  
34
66.00 %  
17
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Dy  
Lv  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
5  
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22  
39
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.22  
31
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10  
31
1.90  
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.22  
38
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.22  
99+
1.90  
8
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78  
16
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
723.60 kJ/mol  
28
2nd Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,331.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,846.30 kJ/mol  
35
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,811.20 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,078.60 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
38
8th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
34
9th Energy Level
6,340.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
31
10th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
30
14th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,168.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
57,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,900.00 kJ/mol  
26
16th Energy Level
57,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
573.30 kJ/mol  
99+
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
23
18th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
32
19th Energy Level
573.30 kJ/mol  
99+
1,169.70 kJ/mol  
13
20th Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
21st Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
23
709.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
370.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
548.90 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
27
26th Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
27th Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
28th Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
31
29th Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
32
30th Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.02 g/amp-hr  
33
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV  
25
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
66  
99+
116  
2
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Dysprosium.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Livermorium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
66  
99+
116  
2
Number of Neutrons
96  
36
160  
5
Number of Electrons
66  
99+
116  
2
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
178.00 pm  
18
183.00 pm  
12
Covalent Radius
192.00 pm  
17
183.00 pm  
22
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm  
25
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
162.50 amu  
99+
293.00 amu  
2
Atomic Volume
19.00 cm3/mol  
35
22.90 cm3/mol  
16
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Terbium
  
Moscovium
  
Next Element
Holmium
  
No Next Element  
Valence Electron Potential
47.40 (-eV)  
33
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
359.30 pm  
99+
362.15 pm  
36
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
38
1.60  
22
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.54 g/cm3  
99+
12.90 g/cm3  
28
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.37 g/cm3  
99+
12.90 g/cm3  
30
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa  
27
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
24.70 GPa  
39
28.50 GPa  
30
Bulk Modulus
40.50 GPa  
36
42.00 GPa  
34
Young's Modulus
61.40 GPa  
35
12.50 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
25
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Sectile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.55  
99+
12.00  
34
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
926.00 nΩ·m  
2
0.50 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.17 J/(kg K)  
35
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.70 J/mol·K  
17
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
10.70 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,680.00 K  
36
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
9.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
722.00 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.05 kJ/mol  
38
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol  
99+
380.50 kJ/mol  
32
Standard Molar Entropy
75.60 J/mol.K  
7
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
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