Dysprosium vs Promethium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Dy
Pm
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7429916
99+
7440122
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Not Available
Space Group Number
194.00
5
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
- Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
- Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
- Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
Discovery
In 1886
In 1942
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
33
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
28
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
35
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
- Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
- It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
- Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,407.00 °C
32
1,042.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C
99+
3,000.00 °C
31
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Unknown
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa
23
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
540.00 MPa
20
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,710.00 m/s
33
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Dy
Pm
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
27
12
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22
38
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10
30
1.07
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78
16
Not Available
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol
99+
540.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,200.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,150.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol
37
3,970.00 kJ/mol
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.02 g/amp-hr
29
1.80 g/amp-hr
36
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
66
99+
61
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Dysprosium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
66
99+
61
99+
Number of Neutrons
96
35
84
40
Number of Electrons
66
99+
61
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
178.00 pm
16
183.00 pm
10
Covalent Radius
192.00 pm
17
199.00 pm
12
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm
20
236.00 pm
16
Atomic Weight
162.50 amu
99+
145.00 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
19.00 cm3/mol
23
22.39 cm3/mol
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
47.40 (-eV)
32
44.10 (-eV)
39
Lattice Constant
359.30 pm
37
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Unknown
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
15
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
8.54 g/cm3
99+
7.26 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.37 g/cm3
25
Not Available
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa
15
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
24.70 GPa
31
18.00 GPa
36
Bulk Modulus
40.50 GPa
31
33.00 GPa
36
Young's Modulus
61.40 GPa
33
46.00 GPa
38
Poisson Ratio
0.25
25
0.28
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Sectile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
8.55
38
7.26
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
926.00 nΩ·m
2
0.75 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.17 J/(kg K)
34
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
Molar Heat Capacity
27.70 J/mol·K
14
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
10.70 W/m·K
99+
17.90 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
9.00 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
230.00 kJ/mol
39
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.05 kJ/mol
32
7.50 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol
36
310.00 kJ/mol
34
Standard Molar Entropy
75.60 J/mol.K
7
Not Available
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