Europium vs Silver
Periodic Table
Symbol
Eu
Ag
Group Number
Not Available
11
7
Period Number
6
5
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440531
34
7440224
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
229.00
1
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- It is the most reflective element.
- Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
- It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay
Unknown
Discovery
In 1896
Before 5000 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %
27
6 * 10-8 %
26
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000005 %
27
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
38
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
36
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
- It is used in low energy light bulbs.
- Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
- It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
29
In Bone
Not Available
0.44 p.p.m.
20
Physical Properties
Melting Point
822.00 °C
99+
961.93 °C
99+
Boiling Point
1,597.00 °C
99+
2,212.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
2.50
14
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
251.00 MPa
37
Vickers Hardness
167.00 MPa
34
229.00 MPa
30
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,680.00 m/s
34
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
97.00 %
1
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Eu
Ag
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
36
3
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20
39
1.93
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.01
22
1.83
11
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
1.42
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.47
15
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.87
7
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
2.07
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol
99+
731.00 kJ/mol
27
2nd Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,070.00 kJ/mol
11
3rd Energy Level
2,404.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,361.00 kJ/mol
19
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol
33
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.89 g/amp-hr
33
4.02 g/amp-hr
7
Electron Work Function
2.50 eV
99+
4.26 eV
20
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
63
99+
47
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 6s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
63
99+
47
99+
Number of Neutrons
89
38
61
99+
Number of Electrons
63
99+
47
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm
14
144.00 pm
36
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm
13
145.00 pm
39
Van der Waals Radius
233.00 pm
18
172.00 pm
38
Atomic Weight
151.96 amu
99+
107.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
28.90 cm3/mol
8
10.30 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
45.60 (-eV)
35
11.40 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
458.10 pm
17
408.53 pm
20
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
5.26 g/cm3
99+
10.49 g/cm3
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.13 g/cm3
99+
9.32 g/cm3
21
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa
15
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
19.40 (Pa)
4
0.00 (Pa)
14
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
7.90 GPa
99+
30.00 GPa
23
Bulk Modulus
8.30 GPa
99+
100.00 GPa
16
Young's Modulus
18.20 GPa
99+
83.00 GPa
23
Poisson Ratio
0.15
34
0.37
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
5.24
99+
10.50
26
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
Not Available
0.00
5
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
0.90 nΩ·m
99+
15.87 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.63 106/cm Ω
1
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
125.60 kJ/mol
5
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
0.24 J/(kg K)
25
Molar Heat Capacity
27.66 J/mol·K
16
25.35 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
13.90 W/m·K
99+
429.00 W/m·K
1
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
35.00 µm/(m·K)
8
18.90 µm/(m·K)
23
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
143.50 kJ/mol
99+
255.10 kJ/mol
37
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.21 kJ/mol
37
11.30 kJ/mol
31
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol
99+
284.50 kJ/mol
37
Standard Molar Entropy
77.80 J/mol.K
4
42.60 J/mol.K
35
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