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Facts About Thorium and Ruthenium


Facts About Ruthenium and Thorium


Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Thorium metal is used as an alternate option over Uranium for nuclear fuel.
  • Thorium metals appearance (silvery white, soft) is somewhat similar to Lead metal.
  
  • Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
  • Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Jöns Jakob Berzelius   
Karl Ernst Claus   

Discovery
In 1829   
In 1844   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %   
9
4 * 10-7 %   
20

Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %   
9
~0.0000005 %   
22

Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %   
11
0.00 %   
26

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %   
7
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
15
0.00 %   
38

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