1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Post-Transition
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
540851647440451
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
2.2 Sources
NA
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.10 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.12 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Flerovium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
- Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
3.1.2 Medical Uses
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.4 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.3.1 In Bone
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
67.00 °C795.00 °C
27
3410
4.3 Boiling Point
147.00 °C3,257.00 °C
147
5660
4.4 Appearance
4.4.1 Physical State
4.4.2 Color
4.4.3 Luster
4.5 Hardness
4.5.1 Mohs Hardness
5.1.1 Brinell Hardness
5.4.2 Vickers Hardness
5.5 Speed of Sound
5.6 Optical Properties
5.6.1 Refractive Index
5.6.3 Reflectivity
5.7 Allotropes
5.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.4 Electronegativity
6.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
6.4.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
6.4.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
6.5.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
6.5.2 Allen Electronegativity
6.7 Electropositivity
6.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
6.10 Ionization Energies
6.10.1 1st Energy Level
823.90 kJ/mol534.40 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.10.2 2nd Energy Level
1,601.60 kJ/mol1,050.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.11.1 3rd Energy Level
3,367.30 kJ/mol1,949.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
6.13.1 4th Energy Level
4,399.70 kJ/mol3,547.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
7.1.2 5th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol6,325.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
7.1.3 6th Energy Level
NA7,490.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
7.1.5 7th Energy level
7.2.1 8th Energy Level
7.3.1 9th Energy Level
7.4.2 10th Energy Level
7.4.4 11th Energy Level
7.5.2 12th Energy Level
7.5.3 13th Energy Level
7.5.5 14th Energy Level
7.5.7 15th Energy Level
7.5.8 16th Energy Level
7.6.1 17th Energy Level
8.1.2 18th Energy Level
8.1.3 19th Energy Level
8.1.6 20th Energy Level
8.1.8 21st Energy Level
8.2.3 22nd Energy Level
8.2.4 23rd Energy Level
8.2.5 24th Energy Level
8.2.7 25th Energy Level
8.2.8 26th Energy Level
8.2.10 27th Energy Level
8.2.11 28th Energy Level
9.1.1 29th Energy Level
9.1.2 30th Energy Level
9.3 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA1.74 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.5 Electron Work Function
9.7 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.3 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
10.4 Crystal Structure
Not Known
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
10.4.1 Crystal Lattice
10.5 Atom
10.5.1 Number of Protons
10.5.2 Number of Neutrons
10.6.2 Number of Electrons
10.7 Radius of an Atom
10.7.1 Atomic Radius
180.00 pm181.80 pm
112
265
10.7.2 Covalent Radius
171.00 pm204.00 pm
96
260
10.7.4 Van der Waals Radius
10.8 Atomic Weight
289.00 amu140.12 amu
6.94
294
10.10 Atomic Volume
NA20.67 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.11 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.11.1 Previous Element
10.11.2 Next Element
10.12 Valence Electron Potential
10.13 Lattice Constant
NA362.00 pm
228.58
891.25
10.14 Lattice Angles
10.15 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
14.00 g/cm36.77 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
11.2 Tensile Strength
11.3 Viscosity
11.4 Vapor Pressure
11.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
11.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.5 Elasticity properties
11.5.1 Shear Modulus
11.5.2 Bulk Modulus
11.5.3 Young's Modulus
11.6 Poisson Ratio
11.7 Other Mechanical Properties
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
12.1.3 Permeability
12.1.4 Susceptibility
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
12.2.2 Resistivity
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA26.94 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
13.4 Critical Temperature
13.5 Thermal Expansion
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA414.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA72.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1