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Francium Lanthanum Comparison


Lanthanum Francium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Fr   
La   

Group Number
1   
17
Not Available   

Period Number
7   
6   

Block
s block   
f block   

Element Family
Alkali   
Lanthanide   

CAS Number
7440735   
18
7439910   
99+

Space Group Name
Not Available   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
  

Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey   
Carl Gustaf Mosander   

Discovery
In 1939   
In 1838   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-7 %   
22

Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000002 %   
25

Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
32

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
19

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
29

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
NA   
Low Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.08 p.p.m.   
24

Physical Properties

Melting Point
27.00 °C   
99+
920.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
677.00 °C   
99+
3,469.00 °C   
18

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
NA   
Silvery White   

Luster
NA   
NA   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.50   
14

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
350.00 MPa   
30

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
360.00 MPa   
26

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,475.00 m/s   
37

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Fr   
La   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
33   
6
31   
8

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
0.70   
99+
1.10   
99+

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86   
99+
1.08   
31

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68   
25
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
0.67   
99+
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
3.30   
1
2.90   
10

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
538.10 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
Not Available   
1,067.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
1,850.30 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,819.00 kJ/mol   
22

5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,940.00 kJ/mol   
25

Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr   
1
1.73 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.50 eV   
31

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
87   
31
57   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1   
[Xe] 5d2 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Lanthanum.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
87   
31
57   
99+

Number of Neutrons
136   
17
82   
99+

Number of Electrons
87   
31
57   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
Not Available   
187.00 pm   
8

Covalent Radius
260.00 pm   
1
207.00 pm   
6

Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm   
1
240.00 pm   
13

Atomic Weight
223.00 amu   
27
138.91 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
20.73 cm3/mol   
16

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Polonium
  
Barium
  

Next Element
Radium
  
Cerium
  

Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)   
99+
40.71 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
377.20 pm   
28

Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.62   
2

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3   
99+
6.16 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
5.94 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.98 (Pa)   
15

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
14.30 GPa   
40

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
27.90 GPa   
99+

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
36.60 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.28   
17

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
Not Available   
6.17   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m   
99+
615.00 nΩ·m   
7

Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
48.00 kJ/mol   
23

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.19 J/(kg K)   
32

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.11 J/mol·K   
21

Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K   
99+
13.40 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
12.10 µm/(m·K)   
32

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
399.60 kJ/mol   
17

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
6.20 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol   
99+
431.00 kJ/mol   
16

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
56.90 J/mol.K   
23

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