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Francium vs Gallium


Gallium vs Francium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Fr   
Ga   

Group Number
1   
17
13   
5

Period Number
7   
4   

Block
s block   
p block   

Element Family
Alkali   
Post-​Transition   

CAS Number
7440735   
18
7440553   
32

Space Group Name
Not Available   
Cmca   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
64.00   
9

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
  • Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
  

Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey   
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   

Discovery
In 1939   
In 1875   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
1 * 10-6 %   
16

Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.000004 %   
16

Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
16

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
24

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
22

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
  • Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   

Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
NA   
Non Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3   
13

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
27.00 °C   
99+
29.78 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
677.00 °C   
99+
2,403.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
NA   
Silvery White   

Luster
NA   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
1.50   
18

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
56.80 MPa   
99+

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,740.00 m/s   
31

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Fr   
Ga   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
33   
6
24   
15

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
0.70   
99+
1.81   
15

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.42   
2

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86   
99+
1.82   
1

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68   
25
2.01   
5

Allen Electronegativity
0.67   
99+
1.76   
14

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
3.30   
1
2.19   
39

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
578.80 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
Not Available   
1,979.30 kJ/mol   
13

3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,963.00 kJ/mol   
28

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,180.00 kJ/mol   
8

Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr   
1
0.87 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.20 eV   
23

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
87   
31
31   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1   
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1   

Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
87   
31
31   
99+

Number of Neutrons
136   
17
39   
99+

Number of Electrons
87   
31
31   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
Not Available   
135.00 pm   
99+

Covalent Radius
260.00 pm   
1
122.00 pm   
99+

Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm   
1
187.00 pm   
32

Atomic Weight
223.00 amu   
27
69.72 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
11.80 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Polonium
  
Zinc
  

Next Element
Radium
  
Rubidium
  

Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)   
99+
69.70 (-eV)   
19

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
451.97 pm   
18

Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3   
99+
5.91 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.10 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
15

Elasticity properties
  
  

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
9.80 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.47   
1

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
Not Available   
5.91   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Semiconductor   

Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m   
99+
270.00 nΩ·m   
15

Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40
0.07 106/cm Ω   
29

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
28.90 kJ/mol   
31

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.37 J/(kg K)   
16

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.86 J/mol·K   
35

Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K   
99+
40.60 W/m·K   
34

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
18.00 µm/(m·K)   
24

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
256.10 kJ/mol   
36

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
5.59 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol   
99+
276.10 kJ/mol   
39

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
40.80 J/mol.K   
38

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