Symbol
Fr
  
Zn
  
Period Number
7
  
4
  
Block
s block
  
d block
  
Element Family
Alkali
  
Transition Metal
  
Space Group Name
Not Available
  
P63/mmc
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
- Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
- Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
- The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey
  
Indian metallurgists
  
Discovery
In 1939
  
Before 1000 BCE
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
  
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
- It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
- It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
Industrial Uses
NA
  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
Pharmaceutical Industry
  
Other Uses
NA
  
Alloys
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
NA
  
Highly Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
Yes
  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
37
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
6
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
  
36
170.00 p.p.m.
  
6
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
NA
  
Silvery Gray
  
Luster
NA
  
Metallic
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available
  
3,850.00 m/s
  
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Fr
  
Zn
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
906.40 kJ/mol
  
6
2nd Energy Level
Not Available
  
1,733.30 kJ/mol
  
27
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
  
3,833.00 kJ/mol
  
12
4th Energy Level
Not Available
  
5,731.00 kJ/mol
  
11
5th Energy Level
Not Available
  
7,970.00 kJ/mol
  
9
6th Energy Level
Not Available
  
10,400.00 kJ/mol
  
9
7th Energy level
Not Available
  
12,900.00 kJ/mol
  
9
8th Energy Level
Not Available
  
16,800.00 kJ/mol
  
6
9th Energy Level
Not Available
  
19,600.00 kJ/mol
  
8
10th Energy Level
Not Available
  
23,000.00 kJ/mol
  
10
11th Energy Level
Not Available
  
26,400.00 kJ/mol
  
11
12th Energy Level
Not Available
  
29,990.00 kJ/mol
  
11
13th Energy Level
Not Available
  
40,490.00 kJ/mol
  
5
14th Energy Level
Not Available
  
43,800.00 kJ/mol
  
6
15th Energy Level
Not Available
  
47,300.00 kJ/mol
  
8
16th Energy Level
Not Available
  
52,300.00 kJ/mol
  
9
17th Energy Level
Not Available
  
55,900.00 kJ/mol
  
10
18th Energy Level
Not Available
  
59,700.00 kJ/mol
  
11
19th Energy Level
Not Available
  
67,300.00 kJ/mol
  
10
20th Energy Level
Not Available
  
171,200.00 kJ/mol
  
1
21st Energy Level
Not Available
  
179,100.00 kJ/mol
  
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr
  
1
1.22 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
  
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1
  
[Ar] 3d10 4s2
  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Volume
Not Available
  
9.20 cm3/mol
  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)
  
99+
38.90 (-eV)
  
99+
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
NA
  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3
  
99+
7.14 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
NA
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Diamagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
  
Conductor
  
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω
  
40
0.17 106/cm Ω
  
12
Electron Affinity
Not Available
  
0.00 kJ/mol
  
40
Specific Heat
Not Available
  
0.39 J/(kg K)
  
14
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
  
25.47 J/mol·K
  
39
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K
  
99+
116.00 W/m·K
  
14
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
  
30.20 µm/(m·K)
  
11
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
  
7.32 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
  
7.32 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
129.70 kJ/mol
  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
  
41.60 J/mol.K
  
36