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Gadolinium Indium Comparison

Gadolinium
Indium
Indium Gadolinium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Gd   
In   
Group Number
0   
18
13   
5
Period Number
6   
5   
Block
f block   
p block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440542   
33
7440746   
17
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
I4/mmm   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
139.00   
8
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Gadolinium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Gadolinium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac   
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter   
Discovery
In 1880   
In 1863   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
3 * 10-8 %   
28
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~0.0000004 %   
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
34
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
30
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
38
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are also used in making Magnets, electronic components and Data storage devices.
  • Compound of Gadolinium metal are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Medical Research   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,311.00 °C   
35
156.61 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,233.00 °C   
25
2,000.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
1.20   
20
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
8.80 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
510.00 MPa   
22
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s   
34
1,215.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Gd   
In   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26   
13
35   
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20   
39
1.78   
16
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.14   
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11   
29
1.49   
13
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.76   
10
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.66   
18
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80   
15
2.22   
38
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol   
99+
558.30 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,820.70 kJ/mol   
18
3rd Energy Level
1,990.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,704.00 kJ/mol   
39
4th Energy Level
4,250.00 kJ/mol   
30
5,210.00 kJ/mol   
17
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.96 g/amp-hr   
32
1.43 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV   
35
4.12 eV   
24
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
64   
99+
49   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2   
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100   
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
64   
99+
49   
99+
Number of Neutrons
93   
37
66   
99+
Number of Electrons
64   
99+
49   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
167.00 pm   
24
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm   
14
142.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm   
15
193.00 pm   
31
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
114.82 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol   
20
15.70 cm3/mol   
33
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Europium
  
Cadmium
  
Next Element
Terbium
  
Tin
  
Valence Electron Potential
46.10 (-eV)   
34
54.00 (-eV)   
25
Lattice Constant
363.60 pm   
32
325.23 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59   
9
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.90 g/cm3   
99+
7.31 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.40 g/cm3   
31
7.02 g/cm3   
33
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
2.50 MPa   
21
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
30
0.01 (Pa)   
11
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)   
9
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
21.80 GPa   
33
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
37.90 GPa   
34
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
54.80 GPa   
35
11.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.26   
23
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.90   
40
7.31   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
1.31 nΩ·m   
99+
83.70 nΩ·m   
34
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.12 106/cm Ω   
17
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
28.90 kJ/mol   
31
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
27
0.23 J/(kg K)   
27
Molar Heat Capacity
37.03 J/mol·K   
2
26.74 J/mol·K   
25
Thermal Conductivity
10.60 W/m·K   
99+
81.80 W/m·K   
21
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
32.10 µm/(m·K)   
9
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
359.40 kJ/mol   
21
226.40 kJ/mol   
40
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.05 kJ/mol   
36
3.28 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
352.00 kJ/mol   
27
242.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
68.10 J/mol.K   
16
57.80 J/mol.K   
22
Summary >>
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