Element Family
Post-Transition
Alkali
Space Group Name
Cmca
Im_ 3m
Interesting Facts
- A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
- Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained from Lithium Production.
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Discovery
In 1875
In 1861
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
- Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Research Purposes
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Grayish White
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
[Kr] 5s1
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available