Element Family
Alkali
Post-Transition
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
I4/mmm
Interesting Facts
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
Sources
Obtained from Lithium Production.
Mining, Ores of metals
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Discovery
In 1861
In 1863
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Medical Research
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Silvery Gray
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s1
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available