Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
Space Group Name
Cmca
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
- Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
- Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
- Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Discovery
In 1875
In 1950
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
- Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
- Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
-
It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silver
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100
Covalent Radius
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
Atomic Volume
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Malleable, Sectile
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Unknown
Resistivity
Not Available
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
Electron Affinity
Not Available
Specific Heat
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available