Symbol
Au
  
Sg
  
Period Number
6
  
7
  
Block
d block
  
d block
  
Element Family
Transition Metal
  
Transition Metal
  
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
  
Not Available
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
- It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
- Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
- Seaborgium most stable isotope is Sg and it has 2.1 min of half- life.
- And other isotopes of Seaborgium have half-lives as short as 3 ms.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
  
Synthetically Produced
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown
  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  
Discovery
Before 6000 BCE
  
In 1974
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
  
26
~-9999 %
  
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
- It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
- Currently known uses of Seaborgium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
  
NA
  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
  
Research Purposes
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic
  
Unknown
  
Present in Human Body
Yes
  
No
  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
35
Not Available
  
In Bone
0.02 p.p.m.
  
30
Not Available
  
Melting Point
1,064.43 °C
  
99+
Not Available
  
Boiling Point
2,807.00 °C
  
36
Not Available
  
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Gold
  
Unknown
  
Luster
Metallic
  
Unknown Luster
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
194.00 MPa
  
99+
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
2,030.00 m/s
  
99+
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Au
  
Sg
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol
  
8
757.40 kJ/mol
  
21
2nd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol
  
12
1,732.90 kJ/mol
  
28
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
  
2,483.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
  
3,415.60 kJ/mol
  
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available
  
4,561.80 kJ/mol
  
38
6th Energy Level
Not Available
  
5,715.80 kJ/mol
  
25
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.45 g/amp-hr
  
21
Not Available
  
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
  
NA
  
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
  
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100
  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Volume
10.20 cm3/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)
  
99+
Not Available
  
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Unknown
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.30 g/cm3
  
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
  
Unknown
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
  
Unknown
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor
  
Unknown
  
Resistivity
Not Available
  
Electrical Conductivity
0.45 10
6/cm Ω
  
3
Not Available
  
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol
  
1
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
  
39
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
25.42 J/mol·K
  
40
Not Available
  
Thermal Conductivity
318.00 W/m·K
  
3
Not Available
  
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
14.20 µm/(m·K)
  
26
Not Available
  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
324.40 kJ/mol
  
27
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.55 kJ/mol
  
27
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Atomization
364.00 kJ/mol
  
25
Not Available
  
Standard Molar Entropy
47.40 J/mol.K
  
32
Not Available