Home
 Compare Metals

Hafnium vs Tungsten

Hafnium
Tungsten
Tungsten vs Hafnium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hf  
W  
Group Number
4  
14
6  
12
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440586  
30
7440337  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Hafnium metal is highly reactive, hence not found free in nature.
  • Hafnium metal as predicated after Mendeleev finished his periodic table.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
Sources
By-product Zirconium Refining  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy  
-  
Discovery
In 1922  
In 1781  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
31
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
27
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
14
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It has an ability to absorb neutrons and hence it is used to make control rods in nuclear submarines. And this metal is also used in Plasma welding torches.
  • It alloys with iron, titanium and niobium are very useful.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
Physical
Melting Point
2,150.00 °C  
10
3,410.00 °C  
1
Boiling Point
5,400.00 °C  
5
5,660.00 °C  
1
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
Grayish White  
Luster
Metallic  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
7.50  
2
Brinell Hardness
1,450.00 MPa  
6
2,000.00 MPa  
4
Vickers Hardness
1,520.00 MPa  
10
3,430.00 MPa  
3
Speed of Sound
3,010.00 m/s  
39
4,620.00 m/s  
20
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.00  
15
2.10  
11
Reflectivity
71.00 %  
12
62.00 %  
21
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Hf  
W  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
32  
7
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.36  
3
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
0.98  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23  
26
1.40  
20
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.36  
3
Allen Electronegativity
1.16  
99+
1.47  
33
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
1.64  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
40
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
2nd Energy Level
1,440.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
3rd Energy Level
2,250.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,216.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
5th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
33
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
6th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
7th Energy level
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
8th Energy Level
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
9th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
38
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
10th Energy Level
6,590.00 kJ/mol  
40
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
11th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
40
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
12th Energy Level
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
35
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
14th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
65,800.00 kJ/mol  
34
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
16th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
17th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
18th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
36
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
19th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
20th Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
37
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
21st Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
31
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
23rd Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
31
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
25th Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
33
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
26th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
32
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
27th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
33
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
28th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
38
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
29th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
39
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
30th Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
35
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.66 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.90 eV  
36
4.55 eV  
18
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
72  
99+
74  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
72  
99+
74  
99+
Number of Neutrons
106  
30
110  
28
Number of Electrons
72  
99+
74  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm  
30
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm  
25
162.00 pm  
31
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
178.49 amu  
39
183.84 amu  
37
Atomic Volume
13.60 cm3/mol  
99+
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lutetium
  
Tantalum
  
Next Element
Tantalum
  
Rhenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
81.00 (-eV)  
16
140.00 (-eV)  
5
Lattice Constant
319.64 pm  
99+
316.52 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
34
1.29  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.31 g/cm3  
27
19.25 g/cm3  
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.00 g/cm3  
31
17.60 g/cm3  
15
Tensile Strength
445.00 MPa  
9
370.00 MPa  
11
Viscosity
0.00  
28
0.00  
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
25
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
161.00 GPa  
5
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa  
15
310.00 GPa  
4
Young's Modulus
78.00 GPa  
27
411.00 GPa  
4
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.28  
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.31  
30
19.22  
18
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
13
0.00  
23
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
331.00 nΩ·m  
14
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.73 J/mol·K  
99+
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
23.00 W/m·K  
99+
173.00 W/m·K  
7
Critical Temperature
2,500.00 K  
11
3,695.00 K  
1
Thermal Expansion
5.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
661.10 kJ/mol  
6
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
25.10 kJ/mol  
8
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
703.00 kJ/mol  
5
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
Standard Molar Entropy
43.60 J/mol.K  
99+
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!