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Lanthanum vs Lawrencium

Lanthanum
Lawrencium
Lawrencium vs Lanthanum


Periodic Table
Symbol
La   
Lr   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7439910   
99+
22537195   
15
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
  
  • It is synthetically produced metal.
  • Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander   
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
In 1838   
In 1961–1971   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
32
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
19
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
29
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
  
  • Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.08 p.p.m.   
24
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
920.00 °C   
99+
1,627.00 °C   
20
Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C   
18
Not Available   
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa   
30
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPa   
26
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s   
37
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
La   
Lr   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31   
8
10   
28
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10   
99+
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08   
31
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90   
10
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol   
99+
470.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,428.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/mol   
99+
2,228.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/mol   
22
4,910.00 kJ/mol   
21
5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/mol   
25
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.23 g/amp-hr   
11
Electron Work Function
3.50 eV   
31
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
57   
99+
103   
15
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2   
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Lanthanum.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
57   
99+
103   
15
Number of Neutrons
82   
99+
157   
7
Number of Electrons
57   
99+
103   
15
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
187.00 pm   
8
Not Available   
Covalent Radius
207.00 pm   
6
Not Available   
Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm   
13
246.00 pm   
8
Atomic Weight
138.91 amu   
99+
266.00 amu   
12
Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol   
16
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Barium
  
Nobelium
  
Next Element
Cerium
  
Rutherfordium
  
Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
377.20 pm   
28
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62   
2
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)   
15
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa   
40
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
36.60 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
0.32   
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.17   
99+
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m   
7
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol   
23
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)   
32
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K   
21
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K   
99+
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)   
32
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol   
16
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K   
23
Not Available   
Periodic Table >>
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