Lutetium vs Tin
Periodic Table
Symbol
Lu
Sn
Group Number
Not Available
14
4
Period Number
6
5
Block
f block
p block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7439943
99+
7440315
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
I41/amd
Space Group Number
194.00
5
141.00
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
- Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach
Unknown
Discovery
In 1906
Before 3500 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-8 %
30
4 * 10-7 %
20
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
26
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
- Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
10
In Bone
Not Available
1.40 p.p.m.
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,652.00 °C
19
231.90 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C
19
2,270.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
893.00 MPa
10
50.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa
8
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,730.00 m/s
32
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
β Allotropes
Not Available
White Tin (Beta Tin)
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Lu
Sn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.27
34
1.96
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.49
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14
28
1.72
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.21
3
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.82
11
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.73
20
2.04
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol
99+
708.60 kJ/mol
33
2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol
30
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol
28
3,930.30 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
6,445.00 kJ/mol
21
7,456.00 kJ/mol
13
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr
23
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.30 eV
33
4.42 eV
16
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
71
99+
50
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
71
99+
50
99+
Number of Neutrons
104
30
69
99+
Number of Electrons
71
99+
50
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm
20
140.00 pm
38
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm
20
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm
22
217.00 pm
23
Atomic Weight
174.97 amu
40
118.71 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol
30
16.30 cm3/mol
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)
26
83.50 (-eV)
14
Lattice Constant
350.31 pm
99+
583.18 pm
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59
10
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.84 g/cm3
38
7.37 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.30 g/cm3
22
6.99 g/cm3
34
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
33
0.00 (Pa)
17
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
3.18 (Pa)
11
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
27.20 GPa
26
18.00 GPa
36
Bulk Modulus
47.60 GPa
23
58.00 GPa
20
Young's Modulus
68.60 GPa
30
50.00 GPa
36
Poisson Ratio
0.26
21
0.36
8
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.84
29
7.31
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Superconductor
Resistivity
582.00 nΩ·m
9
115.00 nΩ·m
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω
23
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
107.30 kJ/mol
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)
36
0.23 J/(kg K)
28
Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K
24
27.11 J/mol·K
20
Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K
99+
66.80 W/m·K
25
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
22.00 µm/(m·K)
20
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol
22
290.40 kJ/mol
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol
13
7.03 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol
20
301.30 kJ/mol
35
Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K
30
51.20 J/mol.K
29
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