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Magnesium
Magnesium

Barium
Barium



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Magnesium vs Barium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Mg
Ba
1.2 Group Number
22
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
36
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
s block
s block
1.5 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Alkaline Earth
1.6 CAS Number
74399547440393
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00229.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  • Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
  • All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
  • Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
2.2 Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joseph Black
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1755
In 1772
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-2 %1 * 10-6 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.07 %~0.000001 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
12.00 %0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.90 %0.03 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.13 %0.00 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.03 %0.00 %
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  • It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
  • Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Low Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-30.07 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.70.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
650.00 °C725.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C1,140.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Gray
Silvery Gray
4.3.3 Luster
NA
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
2.501.25
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPaNA
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s1,620.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
74.00 %NA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Mg
Ba
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
1537
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.310.89
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
1.320.68
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.230.97
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.370.88
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.290.88
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.693.11
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol502.90 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol965.20 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol3,600.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/molNA
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/molNA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/molNA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/molNA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/molNA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr2.56 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
3.66 eV2.70 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
1256
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2
[Xe] 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
1256
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
1281
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
1256
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
160.00 pm222.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
141.00 pm215.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm268.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
24.31 amu137.33 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol39.24 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)21.30 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
320.94 pm502.80 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm33.51 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm33.34 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA7.11 (Pa)
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa4.90 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa9.60 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa13.00 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.29NA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
1.743.62
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Superconductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m332.00 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω0.03 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol13.95 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)0.20 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K28.07 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K18.40 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)20.60 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol140.00 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol7.66 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol175.70 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K62.50 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1