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Magnesium
Magnesium

Cesium
Cesium



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Magnesium vs Cesium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Mg
Cs
1.2 Group Number
21
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
36
Lithium
2 7
1.3 Block
s block
s block
1.4 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Alkali
1.5 CAS Number
74399547440462
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00229.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
Not Available
2.2 Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joseph Black
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1755
In 1860
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-2 %8 * 10-8 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.6.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.07 %~0.0000008 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
3.4.2 Abundance In Meteorites
12.00 %0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
3.4.5 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.90 %0.00 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
3.4.10 Abundance In Oceans
0.13 %0.00 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
3.4.14 Abundance In Humans
0.03 %0.00 %
Radium
1E-13 1.4
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  • The most common use of cesium metal is as a drilling fluid. It is also used in optical glass manufacturing.
  • In vacuum tubes and radiation monitor equipment this metal is used as a catalyst promoter.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
4.1.3 Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Alloys
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Mildly Toxic
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
4.2.8 In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.0.05 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
650.00 °C28.50 °C
Francium
27 3410
6.4 Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C678.40 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
6.6 Appearance
6.6.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
6.6.2 Color
Gray
Silvery Gold
6.6.3 Luster
NA
NA
6.7 Hardness
6.7.1 Mohs Hardness
2.500.20
Tin
0.2 8.5
8.1.1 Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa0.14 MPa
Palladium
0.14 3490
8.2.2 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
8.8 Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/sNA
Thallium
818 16200
8.10 Optical Properties
8.10.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
8.11.1 Reflectivity
74.00 %NA
Molybdenum
58 97
9.2 Allotropes
9.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10 Chemical
10.1 Chemical Formula
Mg
Cs
10.2 Isotopes
10.2.1 Known Isotopes
1536
Tennessine
0 38
10.8 Electronegativity
10.8.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.310.79
Francium
0.7 2.54
10.9.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
1.320.22
Sodium
0.22 2.56
11.2.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.230.86
Potassium
0.86 1.82
11.3.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.370.62
Sodium
0.62 2.48
11.5.2 Allen Electronegativity
1.290.66
Francium
0.659 2.7
11.7 Electropositivity
11.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.693.21
Gold
1.46 3.3
11.10 Ionization Energies
11.10.1 1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol375.70 kJ/mol
Palladium
375.7 26130
11.12.2 2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol2,234.30 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
11.13.1 3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol3,400.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
12.1.2 4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/molNA
Thorium
2780 37066
12.4.2 5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
12.6.3 6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/molNA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
12.9.1 7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/molNA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
13.2.1 8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/molNA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
13.3.2 9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium
14110 134700
13.4.1 10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/molNA
Strontium
17100 144300
13.6.2 11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium
19900 169988
13.7.2 12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
13.7.6 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
13.8.2 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
13.8.6 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
13.8.8 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
13.9.2 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
14.1.2 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
15.1.3 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
15.1.7 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
15.1.10 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
15.2.4 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
15.3.5 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
15.3.6 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
15.3.10 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
15.3.13 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
16.1.1 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
17.1.1 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
17.2.2 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
17.3.2 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
17.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr4.96 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
17.9 Electron Work Function
3.66 eV2.14 eV
Potassium
2.14 5.65
17.12 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
18 Atomic
18.1 Atomic Number
1255
Lithium
3 117
18.4 Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2
[Xe] 6s1
18.5 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
18.5.1 Crystal Lattice
18.6 Atom
18.6.1 Number of Protons
1255
Lithium
3 117
18.7.2 Number of Neutrons
1278
Lithium
4 184
18.8.2 Number of Electrons
1255
Lithium
3 117
19.4 Radius of an Atom
19.4.1 Atomic Radius
160.00 pm265.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
19.4.2 Covalent Radius
141.00 pm244.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
19.7.2 Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm343.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
19.8 Atomic Weight
24.31 amu132.91 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
19.9 Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol71.07 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
19.10 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
19.10.1 Previous Element
19.10.2 Next Element
19.11 Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)8.62 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
19.13 Lattice Constant
320.94 pm614.10 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
19.14 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
19.15 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
20 Mechanical
20.1 Density
20.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm31.93 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
20.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm31.84 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
20.4 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium
2.5 11000
20.7 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
20.9 Vapor Pressure
20.9.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
20.11.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
21.2 Elasticity properties
21.2.1 Shear Modulus
17.00 GPaNA
Potassium
1.3 222
21.2.3 Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa1.60 GPa
Tin
1.6 462
21.2.4 Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa1.70 GPa
Palladium
1.7 528
21.5 Poisson Ratio
0.29NA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
21.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
22 Magnetic
22.1 Magnetic Characteristics
22.1.1 Specific Gravity
1.741.87
Lithium
0.53 4500
22.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
22.1.4 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
22.2.2 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
22.3 Electrical Properties
22.3.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
22.3.2 Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m205.00 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
22.3.4 Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
22.4.1 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol45.50 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
24 Thermal
24.1 Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)0.24 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
24.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K32.21 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
24.3 Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K35.90 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
24.5 Critical Temperature
NA1,938.00 K
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
24.6 Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)97.00 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
24.7 Enthalpy
24.7.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol65.90 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
25.1.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol2.10 kJ/mol
Tin
2.1 35.23
25.2.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol78.20 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
25.4 Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K85.20 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1