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Magnesium vs Copernicium

Magnesium
Copernicium
Copernicium vs Magnesium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mg  
Cn  
Group Number
2  
16
12  
6
Period Number
3  
7  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439954  
99+
54084263  
7
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
187.00  
8
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  
Copernicium was first synthesized in 1996 by a German research team.  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joseph Black  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1755  
In 1996  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.06 %  
3
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Sun
0.07 %  
2
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
12.00 %  
2
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.90 %  
4
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.13 %  
2
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.03 %  
5
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  
  • Currently known uses of Copernicium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3  
5
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.  
4
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
650.00 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
-  
Luster
-  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
15
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa  
99+
240.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
260.00 MPa  
99+
3,570.00 MPa  
2
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s  
15
3,570.00 m/s  
30
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.49  
37
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
74.00 %  
9
45.00 %  
32
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Mg  
Cn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15  
24
1  
34
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.31  
32
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.32  
24
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23  
26
1.90  
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.37  
30
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.29  
99+
1.90  
8
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.69  
23
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
24
1,154.90 kJ/mol  
2
2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol  
99+
2,170.00 kJ/mol  
9
3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol  
5
4,245.40 kJ/mol  
9
4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/mol  
4
5,499.70 kJ/mol  
23
5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/mol  
3
3,570.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/mol  
3
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/mol  
3
3,570.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/mol  
3
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/mol  
3
5,850.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/mol  
5
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/mol  
1
3,570.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/mol  
1
35,700.00 kJ/mol  
26
13th Energy Level
7,370.00 kJ/mol  
24
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
99+
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
73,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
35,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
73,770.00 kJ/mol  
16
35,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
37
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
16
18th Energy Level
7,370.00 kJ/mol  
27
3,570.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
34
1,157.60 kJ/mol  
14
20th Energy Level
737.00 kJ/mol  
28
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
99+
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
28
22nd Energy Level
738.00 kJ/mol  
22
357.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
99+
357.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
20
357.60 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
20
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
20
357.60 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
19
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
25
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
2
29th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
26
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
3
30th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
20
357.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
3.66 eV  
40
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
12  
99+
112  
6
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
12  
99+
112  
6
Number of Neutrons
12  
99+
285  
1
Number of Electrons
12  
99+
112  
6
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm  
29
147.00 pm  
36
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
122.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm  
99+
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
24.31 amu  
99+
285.00 amu  
5
Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol  
99+
17.80 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Sodium
  
Roentgenium
  
Next Element
Aluminium
  
Nihonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
320.94 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
15
1.58  
36
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm3  
99+
23.70 g/cm3  
7
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm3  
99+
23.70 g/cm3  
8
Tensile Strength
150.00 MPa  
25
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
24
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa  
99+
31.00 GPa  
25
Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa  
29
35.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.29  
15
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.74  
99+
23.70  
9
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
8
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
33
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m  
99+
4.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω  
7
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)  
4
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K  
99+
13.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K  
8
13.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
923.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)  
15
13.80 µm/(m·K)  
31
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol  
99+
357.20 kJ/mol  
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K  
99+
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
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