Symbol
Mn
  
Es
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
4
  
7
  
Block
d block
  
f block
  
Element Family
Transition Metal
  
Actinide
  
Space Group Name
I_ 43m
  
Not Available
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
- Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
- Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.
- Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn
  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  
Discovery
In 1774
  
In 1952
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
  
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
- Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
- Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
  
NA
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Alloys
  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic
  
Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
Yes
  
No
  
In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3
  
14
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
37
In Bone
100.00 p.p.m.
  
8
0.00 p.p.m.
  
36
Melting Point
1,245.00 °C
  
37
Boiling Point
1,962.00 °C
  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Silver
  
Silver
  
Luster
Metallic
  
NA
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
196.00 MPa
  
99+
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
5,150.00 m/s
  
7
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Mn
  
Es
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol
  
30
619.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,509.00 kJ/mol
  
39
1,216.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,248.00 kJ/mol
  
21
2,334.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/mol
  
20
3,734.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,990.00 kJ/mol
  
17
Not Available
  
6th Energy Level
9,220.00 kJ/mol
  
16
Not Available
  
7th Energy level
11,500.00 kJ/mol
  
16
Not Available
  
8th Energy Level
18,770.00 kJ/mol
  
5
Not Available
  
9th Energy Level
21,400.00 kJ/mol
  
6
Not Available
  
10th Energy Level
23,960.00 kJ/mol
  
9
Not Available
  
11th Energy Level
27,590.00 kJ/mol
  
10
Not Available
  
12th Energy Level
30,330.00 kJ/mol
  
10
Not Available
  
13th Energy Level
33,150.00 kJ/mol
  
11
Not Available
  
14th Energy Level
38,880.00 kJ/mol
  
10
Not Available
  
15th Energy Level
41,987.00 kJ/mol
  
13
Not Available
  
16th Energy Level
109,480.00 kJ/mol
  
1
Not Available
  
17th Energy Level
118,100.00 kJ/mol
  
2
Not Available
  
18th Energy Level
127,100.00 kJ/mol
  
3
Not Available
  
19th Energy Level
138,600.00 kJ/mol
  
4
Not Available
  
20th Energy Level
148,500.00 kJ/mol
  
6
Not Available
  
21st Energy Level
158,600.00 kJ/mol
  
6
Not Available
  
22nd Energy Level
172,500.00 kJ/mol
  
5
Not Available
  
23rd Energy Level
181,380.00 kJ/mol
  
5
Not Available
  
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.29 g/amp-hr
  
99+
4.74 g/amp-hr
  
5
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
  
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
  
[Rn] 5f11 7s2
  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Einsteinium.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Covalent Radius
Not Available
  
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Volume
1.39 cm3/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
220.00 (-eV)
  
2
Not Available
  
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
NA
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.21 g/cm3
  
99+
8.84 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.95 g/cm3
  
99+
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
NA
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Paramagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor
  
Unknown
  
Resistivity
Not Available
  
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 10
6/cm Ω
  
99+
Not Available
  
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
  
40
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.48 J/(kg K)
  
11
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·K
  
29
Not Available
  
Thermal Conductivity
7.81 W/m·K
  
99+
Not Available
  
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
21.70 µm/(m·K)
  
21
Not Available
  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
219.70 kJ/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.64 kJ/mol
  
23
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Atomization
280.30 kJ/mol
  
38
Not Available
  
Standard Molar Entropy
32.00 J/mol.K
  
99+
Not Available