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Manganese vs Dubnium

Manganese
Dubnium
Dubnium vs Manganese


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mn  
Db  
Group Number
7  
11
5  
13
Period Number
4  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439965  
99+
53850354  
14
Space Group Name
I_ 43m  
-  
Space Group Number
217.00  
5
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
  • IUPAC allotted a temporary name to Dubnium metal as “ Unnilpentium”.
  • In the production of Dubnium, thermal gradient chromatography is used.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Produced by Bombarding Am243 with Ne22, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In 1774  
In 1968  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
9
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
8
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.27 %  
8
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.11 %  
8
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
13
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
15
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
  • Currently known uses of Dubnium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3  
14
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
100.00 p.p.m.  
8
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,245.00 °C  
37
-  
Boiling Point
1,962.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
196.00 MPa  
99+
330.00 MPa  
38
Vickers Hardness
196.00 MPa  
99+
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
5,150.00 m/s  
11
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.00  
15
1.20  
99+
Reflectivity
70.00 %  
13
55.00 %  
27
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Mn  
Db  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
21  
18
10  
28
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.55  
26
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.60  
10
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.55  
23
1.10  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.75  
18
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.45  
29
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol  
30
664.80 kJ/mol  
38
2nd Energy Level
1,509.00 kJ/mol  
40
1,546.70 kJ/mol  
39
3rd Energy Level
3,248.00 kJ/mol  
21
2,378.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/mol  
30
3,298.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,990.00 kJ/mol  
29
4,305.20 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
9,220.00 kJ/mol  
22
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
7th Energy level
11,500.00 kJ/mol  
16
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
18,770.00 kJ/mol  
5
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
21,400.00 kJ/mol  
6
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
23,960.00 kJ/mol  
9
8,830.00 kJ/mol  
22
11th Energy Level
27,590.00 kJ/mol  
10
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
30,330.00 kJ/mol  
32
88,300.00 kJ/mol  
2
13th Energy Level
33,150.00 kJ/mol  
11
4,760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
38,880.00 kJ/mol  
10
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
41,987.00 kJ/mol  
99+
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
109,480.00 kJ/mol  
1
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
118,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
1,129.00 kJ/mol  
19
18th Energy Level
127,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
138,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
1,094.90 kJ/mol  
18
20th Energy Level
148,500.00 kJ/mol  
6
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
158,600.00 kJ/mol  
6
883.00 kJ/mol  
36
22nd Energy Level
172,500.00 kJ/mol  
5
330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
181,380.00 kJ/mol  
5
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
33
24th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
528.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol  
24
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
3
29th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
1,094.00 kJ/mol  
5
30th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.29 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.10 eV  
32
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
25  
99+
105  
13
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
25  
99+
105  
13
Number of Neutrons
30  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
25  
99+
105  
13
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
127.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
149.00 pm  
37
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
54.94 amu  
99+
268.00 amu  
10
Atomic Volume
1.39 cm3/mol  
99+
22.80 cm3/mol  
17
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Chromium
  
Rutherfordium
  
Next Element
Iron
  
Seaborgium
  
Valence Electron Potential
220.00 (-eV)  
2
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
891.25 pm  
1
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.55  
99+
1.63  
14
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.21 g/cm3  
99+
29.30 g/cm3  
5
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.95 g/cm3  
99+
29.30 g/cm3  
6
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
2
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
12
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
40.00 GPa  
19
34.00 GPa  
22
Bulk Modulus
120.00 GPa  
14
39.00 GPa  
39
Young's Modulus
198.00 GPa  
13
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.39  
5
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.21  
99+
39.00  
3
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
7
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
12
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
1.44 nΩ·m  
99+
6.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.48 J/(kg K)  
11
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·K  
37
29.30 J/mol·K  
11
Thermal Conductivity
7.81 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,519.00 K  
40
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
21.70 µm/(m·K)  
22
13.20 µm/(m·K)  
37
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
219.70 kJ/mol  
99+
289.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.64 kJ/mol  
25
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
280.30 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
32.00 J/mol.K  
99+
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
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