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Manganese vs Lithium


Lithium vs Manganese


Periodic Table

Symbol
Mn   
Li   

Group Number
7   
11
1   
17

Period Number
4   
2   

Block
d block   
s block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Alkali   

CAS Number
7439965   
99+
7439932   
99+

Space Group Name
I_ 43m   
Im_ 3m   

Space Group Number
217.00   
4
229.00   
1

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
  • Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
  • Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn   
Johan August Arfwedson   

Discovery
In 1774   
In 1817   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-4 %   
8
6 * 10-7 %   
18

Abundance In Sun
~0.001 %   
8
~0.00017 %   
11

Abundance In Meteorites
0.27 %   
8
0.00 %   
22

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.11 %   
8
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
13
0.00 %   
15

Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
13
0.00 %   
16

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
  • The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
  • it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
  

Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Toxic   
NA   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   

In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3   
14
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
27

In Bone
100.00 p.p.m.   
8
1.30 p.p.m.   
17

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,245.00 °C   
37
180.54 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
1,962.00 °C   
99+
1,347.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silver   
Silvery White   

Luster
Metallic   
NA   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
0.60   
21

Brinell Hardness
196.00 MPa   
99+
5.00 MPa   
99+

Speed of Sound
5,150.00 m/s   
7
6,000.00 m/s   
3

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Mn   
Li   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
21   
18
8   
30

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.55   
25
0.98   
99+

Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
0.89   
26

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.60   
9
0.97   
38

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.97   
19

Allen Electronegativity
1.75   
15
0.91   
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.45   
29
3.02   
8

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol   
30
520.20 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,509.00 kJ/mol   
39
7,298.10 kJ/mol   
3

3rd Energy Level
3,248.00 kJ/mol   
21
11,815.00 kJ/mol   
4

4th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/mol   
20
Not Available   

5th Energy Level
6,990.00 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   

6th Energy Level
9,220.00 kJ/mol   
16
Not Available   

7th Energy level
11,500.00 kJ/mol   
16
Not Available   

8th Energy Level
18,770.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   

9th Energy Level
21,400.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   

10th Energy Level
23,960.00 kJ/mol   
9
Not Available   

11th Energy Level
27,590.00 kJ/mol   
10
Not Available   

12th Energy Level
30,330.00 kJ/mol   
10
Not Available   

13th Energy Level
33,150.00 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   

14th Energy Level
38,880.00 kJ/mol   
10
Not Available   

15th Energy Level
41,987.00 kJ/mol   
13
Not Available   

16th Energy Level
109,480.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   

17th Energy Level
118,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   

18th Energy Level
127,100.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   

19th Energy Level
138,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   

20th Energy Level
148,500.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   

21st Energy Level
158,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   

22nd Energy Level
172,500.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   

23rd Energy Level
181,380.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.29 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.26 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.10 eV   
25
2.90 eV   
37

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
25   
99+
3   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2   
[He] 2s1   

Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
25   
99+
3   
99+

Number of Neutrons
30   
99+
4   
99+

Number of Electrons
25   
99+
3   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
127.00 pm   
99+
152.00 pm   
31

Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
128.00 pm   
99+

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
182.00 pm   
35

Atomic Weight
54.94 amu   
99+
6.94 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
1.39 cm3/mol   
99+
13.10 cm3/mol   
39

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Chromium
  
No Previous Element   

Next Element
Iron
  
Beryllium
  

Valence Electron Potential
220.00 (-eV)   
2
19.00 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
891.25 pm   
1
351.00 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
7.21 g/cm3   
99+
0.53 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.95 g/cm3   
99+
0.51 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
12
109.00 (Pa)   
2

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
4.20 GPa   
99+

Bulk Modulus
120.00 GPa   
14
11.00 GPa   
99+

Young's Modulus
198.00 GPa   
12
4.90 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
7.21   
99+
0.53   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
1.44 nΩ·m   
99+
92.80 nΩ·m   
33

Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.11 106/cm Ω   
19

Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
59.60 kJ/mol   
16

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.48 J/(kg K)   
11
3.60 J/(kg K)   
1

Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·K   
29
24.86 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
7.81 W/m·K   
99+
84.80 W/m·K   
20

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
3,223.00 K   
1

Thermal Expansion
21.70 µm/(m·K)   
21
46.00 µm/(m·K)   
7

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
219.70 kJ/mol   
99+
134.70 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
14.64 kJ/mol   
23
3.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
280.30 kJ/mol   
38
160.70 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
32.00 J/mol.K   
99+
29.10 J/mol.K   
99+

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