×

Mercury
Mercury

Ruthenium
Ruthenium



ADD
Compare
X
Mercury
X
Ruthenium

Mercury Ruthenium Comparison

Add ⊕
1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Hg
Ru
1.2 Group Number
128
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
65
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74399767440188
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
R_ 3m
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
166.00194.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  • Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
  • Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Karl Ernst Claus
2.3.2 Discovery
Before 2000 BCE
In 1844
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
NA4 * 10-7 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000005 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
NA0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
NA0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  • It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.
  • Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry
Medical Research
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Low Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.NA
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
NA2,250.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
356.58 °C3,900.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Liquid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silver
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
NA
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NA6.50
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
NA2,160.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s5,970.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
1.00NA
Palladium Metal
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
73.00 %NA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Hg
Ru
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3426
Tennessine Metal
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
2.002.20
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20NA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.441.42
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81NA
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.441.54
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.001.80
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol710.20 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol710.22 kJ/mol
Palladium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol2,747.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
NANA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr1.26 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
4.49 eV4.71 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
8044
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Kr] 4d7 5s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
8044
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
12157
Lithium Metal
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
8044
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
151.00 pm134.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
132.00 pm146.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm200.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
200.59 amu101.07 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol8.30 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)64.00 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
300.50 pm270.59 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NA1.58
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm312.45 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
NA10.65 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
0.00NA
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA0.00 (Pa)
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
NA173.00 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
NA220.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
NA447.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
NA0.30
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
13.5312.45
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m71.00 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.14 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol101.30 kJ/mol
Palladium
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)0.24 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K24.06 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K117.00 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
1,750.00 KNA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)6.40 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol567.80 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol25.50 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol603.00 kJ/mol
Sodium
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K28.50 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1