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Nd Element
Neodymium


Periodic Table
Symbol
-
Group Number
1 17
Period Number
6 2
Block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440008 78
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00 7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Discovery
In 1885
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 % 24
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 30
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 20
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 30
Abundance In Humans
0.00 % 24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 34
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m. 41
Physical
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C 44
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C 29
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00 3
Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa 43
Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa 44
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s 55
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.64 30
Reflectivity
80.00 % 7
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
-
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30 9
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.14 42
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.14 35
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07 33
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.14 41
Allen Electronegativity
1.14 52
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.86 13
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 77
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol 80
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol 72
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol 52
5th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol 67
6th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol 81
7th Energy level
5,331.00 kJ/mol 73
8th Energy Level
5,360.00 kJ/mol 70
9th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol 70
10th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol 69
11th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol 74
12th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol 77
13th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol 65
14th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 88
15th Energy Level
53,300.00 kJ/mol 66
16th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 83
17th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 82
18th Energy Level
5,331.00 kJ/mol 68
19th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 81
20th Energy Level
536.00 kJ/mol 70
21st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 81
22nd Energy Level
533.00 kJ/mol 65
23rd Energy Level
5,331.00 kJ/mol 27
24th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 76
25th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 69
26th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 77
27th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 72
28th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 75
29th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 78
30th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol 72
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr 41
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV 45
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Atomic
Atomic Number
60 56
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
60 55
Number of Neutrons
84 41
Number of Electrons
60 55
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
181.00 pm 15
Covalent Radius
201.00 pm 10
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm 25
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu 50
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol 28
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
81
Next Element
74
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV) 42
Lattice Constant
365.80 pm 33
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61 18
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3 66
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3 65
Tensile Strength
345.00 MPa 13
Viscosity
0.00 25
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa) 2
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa 48
Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa 48
Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa 44
Poisson Ratio
0.28 16
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.00 63
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 7
Susceptibility
0.00 9
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
-
Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m 6
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω 53
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol 26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K) 33
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K 22
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K 51
Critical Temperature
1,297.00 K 49
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K) 55
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol 54
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol 52
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol 42
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K 13
Summary >>
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