Neodymium Europium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Nd
Eu
Group Number
1
17
Not Available
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440008
99+
7440531
34
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
Not Available
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay
Discovery
In 1885
In 1896
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
5 * 10-8 %
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %
24
~0.00000005 %
27
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
30
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
20
0.00 %
36
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
30
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
- It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
- Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
- It is used in low energy light bulbs.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C
99+
822.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C
28
1,597.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Lustrous
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa
35
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa
27
167.00 MPa
34
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s
38
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Nd
Eu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30
9
31
8
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.14
99+
1.20
39
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.01
22
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07
32
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.86
13
Not Available
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol
99+
547.10 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,085.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,404.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
4,120.00 kJ/mol
33
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr
37
1.89 g/amp-hr
33
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV
34
2.50 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
60
99+
63
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
[Xe] 4f7 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
60
99+
63
99+
Number of Neutrons
84
40
89
38
Number of Electrons
60
99+
63
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
181.00 pm
13
180.00 pm
14
Covalent Radius
201.00 pm
10
198.00 pm
13
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm
20
233.00 pm
18
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu
99+
151.96 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol
18
28.90 cm3/mol
8
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)
99+
45.60 (-eV)
35
Lattice Constant
365.80 pm
30
458.10 pm
17
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61
4
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3
99+
5.26 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3
36
5.13 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
120.00 MPa
15
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
19.40 (Pa)
4
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)
2
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa
38
7.90 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa
37
8.30 GPa
99+
Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa
40
18.20 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.28
16
0.15
34
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.00
99+
5.24
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m
6
0.90 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K
17
27.66 J/mol·K
16
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K
99+
13.90 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
35.00 µm/(m·K)
8
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol
34
143.50 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol
99+
9.21 kJ/mol
37
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol
32
180.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K
13
77.80 J/mol.K
4
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