Symbol
Nd
  
Sn
  
Period Number
6
  
5
  
Block
f block
  
p block
  
Element Family
Lanthanide
  
Post-Transition
  
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
  
I41/amd
  
Interesting Facts
- Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
  
Found in Minerals, Mining
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach
  
Unknown
  
Discovery
In 1885
  
Before 3500 BC
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %
  
24
~0.0000009 %
  
19
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
- It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
  
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
Dentistry
  
Other Uses
Alloys
  
NA
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic
  
Non Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
Yes
  
In Blood
Not Available
  
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
  
10
In Bone
Not Available
  
1.40 p.p.m.
  
16
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C
  
99+
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C
  
28
2,270.00 °C
  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Silvery White
  
Silvery White
  
Luster
Metallic
  
NA
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s
  
38
2,730.00 m/s
  
32
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
Yes
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
White Tin (Beta Tin)
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
  
Chemical Formula
Nd
  
Sn
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol
  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol
  
33
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol
  
30
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3,930.30 kJ/mol
  
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available
  
7,456.00 kJ/mol
  
13
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr
  
37
1.11 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
  
Ionization, Solubility
  
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
  
Tetragonal (TETR)
  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100
  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu
  
99+
118.71 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol
  
18
16.30 cm3/mol
  
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)
  
99+
83.50 (-eV)
  
14
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3
  
99+
7.37 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
Ductile, Malleable
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Diamagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA
  
Superconductor
  
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m
  
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
  
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω
  
23
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
107.30 kJ/mol
  
8
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
  
32
0.23 J/(kg K)
  
28
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K
  
17
27.11 J/mol·K
  
20
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K
  
99+
66.80 W/m·K
  
25
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
22.00 µm/(m·K)
  
20
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol
  
34
290.40 kJ/mol
  
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol
  
99+
7.03 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol
  
32
301.30 kJ/mol
  
35
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K
  
13
51.20 J/mol.K
  
29