Neodymium vs Americium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Nd
Am
Group Number
1
17
Not Available
Period Number
6
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440008
99+
7440359
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
History
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Discovery
In 1885
In 1944
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %
24
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
30
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
20
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
30
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
- It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
- In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C
99+
994.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C
28
2,607.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa
35
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa
27
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s
38
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Nd
Am
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30
9
16
23
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.14
99+
1.30
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07
32
1.20
27
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.86
13
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol
99+
578.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,158.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,132.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,493.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr
37
3.02 g/amp-hr
17
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV
34
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
60
99+
95
23
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
60
99+
95
23
Number of Neutrons
84
40
148
12
Number of Electrons
60
99+
95
23
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
181.00 pm
13
173.00 pm
21
Covalent Radius
201.00 pm
10
180.00 pm
21
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm
20
244.00 pm
10
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu
99+
243.00 amu
20
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol
18
17.86 cm3/mol
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)
99+
44.00 (-eV)
40
Lattice Constant
365.80 pm
30
346.81 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61
4
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3
99+
12.00 g/cm3
30
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3
36
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
0.00 (Pa)
13
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)
2
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa
38
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa
37
Not Available
Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa
40
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.28
16
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.00
99+
13.67
15
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
Unknown
Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m
6
0.69 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
0.11 J/(kg K)
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K
17
62.70 J/mol·K
1
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K
99+
10.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol
34
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol
99+
14.39 kJ/mol
24
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol
32
268.00 kJ/mol
40
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K
13
Not Available
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