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Palladium Flerovium Comparison


Flerovium Palladium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Pd   
Fl   

Group Number
10   
8
14   
4

Period Number
5   
7   

Block
d block   
p block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   

CAS Number
7440053   
99+
54085164   
5

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Not Available   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
Not Available   

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
Not Available   

Sources
Ores of metals   
NA   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory   

Discovery
In 1803   
In 1999   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Not Available   

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %   
24
~-9999 %   

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
  • Currently known uses of Flerovium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   

Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   

Other Uses
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery   
Alloys, Research Purposes   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Toxic   
Unknown   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,554.90 °C   
22
67.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
2,963.00 °C   
33
147.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silver   
Unknown   

Luster
Metallic   
Unknown Luster   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
4.75   
9
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa   
33
Not Available   

Vickers Hardness
121.00 MPa   
36
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
3,070.00 m/s   
26
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
1.72   
1
Not Available   

Reflectivity
84.00 %   
4
Not Available   

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Pd   
Fl   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
38   
1
1   
34

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.35   
21
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.59   
22
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
Not Available   

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
520.23 kJ/mol   
99+
823.90 kJ/mol   
13

2nd Energy Level
7,298.22 kJ/mol   
2
1,601.60 kJ/mol   
34

3rd Energy Level
11,815.13 kJ/mol   
3
3,367.30 kJ/mol   
18

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,399.70 kJ/mol   
27

5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,847.00 kJ/mol   
26

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.99 g/amp-hr   
30
Not Available   

Electron Work Function
5.12 eV   
3
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
46   
99+
114   
4

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10   
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Not Known   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100   
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Flerovium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
46   
99+
114   
4

Number of Neutrons
60   
99+
184   
1

Number of Electrons
46   
99+
114   
4

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
137.00 pm   
40
180.00 pm   
14

Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
171.00 pm   
24

Van der Waals Radius
163.00 pm   
40
Not Available   

Atomic Weight
106.42 amu   
99+
289.00 amu   
3

Atomic Volume
8.90 cm3/mol   
99+
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Rhodium
  
Nihonium
  

Next Element
Silver
  
Moscovium
  

Valence Electron Potential
33.00 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   

Lattice Constant
389.07 pm   
25
Not Available   

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Unknown   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
12.02 g/cm3   
29
14.00 g/cm3   
23

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.38 g/cm3   
17
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
30
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa   
17
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa   
9
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
121.00 GPa   
16
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.39   
5
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
12.02   
21
Not Available   

Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Unknown   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   

Resistivity
105.40 nΩ·m   
29
Not Available   

Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
22
Not Available   

Electron Affinity
54.23 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
25.98 J/mol·K   
33
Not Available   

Thermal Conductivity
71.80 W/m·K   
23
Not Available   

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Not Available   

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
376.60 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Fusion
16.74 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Atomization
393.30 kJ/mol   
22
Not Available   

Standard Molar Entropy
37.60 J/mol.K   
40
Not Available   

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