Polonium vs Polonium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Po
Po
Group Number
16
2
16
2
Period Number
6
6
Block
p block
p block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440086
99+
7440086
99+
Space Group Name
Pm-3m
Pm-3m
Space Group Number
221.00
3
221.00
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
- Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
- Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
- Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
- Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
- Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
Discovery
In 1898
In 1898
Abundance
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
- A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
- Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
- A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
254.00 °C
99+
254.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
962.00 °C
99+
962.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silver
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
Yes
Yes
α Allotropes
α-polonium
α-polonium
β Allotropes
β-polonium
β-polonium
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Po
Po
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00
7
2.00
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.76
2
1.76
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.48
1
2.48
1
Allen Electronegativity
2.19
2
2.19
2
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00
99+
2.00
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol
14
812.10 kJ/mol
14
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.90 g/amp-hr
8
3.90 g/amp-hr
8
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
84
32
84
32
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)
Monoclinic (MON)
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
84
32
84
32
Number of Neutrons
125
19
125
19
Number of Electrons
84
32
84
32
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
168.00 pm
23
168.00 pm
23
Covalent Radius
140.00 pm
99+
140.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
197.00 pm
29
197.00 pm
29
Atomic Weight
209.00 amu
28
209.00 amu
28
Atomic Volume
22.23 cm3/mol
13
22.23 cm3/mol
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available
Not Available
Lattice Constant
335.90 pm
99+
335.90 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.20 g/cm3
99+
9.20 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.40 g/cm3
19
9.40 g/cm3
19
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.32
31
9.32
31
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic
Nonmagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
0.40 nΩ·m
99+
0.40 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
183.30 kJ/mol
3
183.30 kJ/mol
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K
28
26.40 J/mol·K
28
Thermal Conductivity
20.00 W/m·K
99+
20.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
23.50 µm/(m·K)
16
23.50 µm/(m·K)
16
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
60.30 kJ/mol
99+
60.30 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.00 kJ/mol
26
13.00 kJ/mol
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
134.00 kJ/mol
99+
134.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
Not Available
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