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Potassium vs Fermium

Potassium
Fermium
Fermium vs Potassium


Periodic Table
Symbol
K  
Fm  
Group Number
1  
17
3  
15
Period Number
4  
7  
Block
s block  
f block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440097  
99+
7440724  
19
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
  • Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
  
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1807  
In 1952  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
9
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.07 %  
9
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.50 %  
6
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.04 %  
3
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.20 %  
3
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
  • Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
  
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Other Uses
-  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
2
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
2,100.00 p.p.m.  
3
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
63.65 °C  
99+
1,527.00 °C  
26
Boiling Point
774.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
-  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.40  
25
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
100.00 MPa  
99+
600.00 MPa  
28
Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s  
99+
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.33  
99+
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
72.00 %  
11
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
K  
Fm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82  
99+
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.45  
99+
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.91  
40
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.73  
99+
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
0.73  
99+
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18  
3
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol  
5
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol  
8
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,877.00 kJ/mol  
18
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,975.00 kJ/mol  
14
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6th Energy Level
9,590.00 kJ/mol  
19
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
11,343.00 kJ/mol  
17
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
14,944.00 kJ/mol  
13
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
16,963.70 kJ/mol  
15
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
10th Energy Level
48,610.00 kJ/mol  
3
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
54,490.00 kJ/mol  
4
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
60,730.00 kJ/mol  
15
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
13th Energy Level
68,950.00 kJ/mol  
4
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
14th Energy Level
75,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
15th Energy Level
83,080.00 kJ/mol  
13
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
16th Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
17th Energy Level
99,710.00 kJ/mol  
8
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
4,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
19th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
20th Energy Level
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
24th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
25th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
26th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
27th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
Electron Work Function
2.30 eV  
99+
4.47 eV  
21
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
19  
99+
100  
18
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s1  
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
19  
99+
100  
18
Number of Neutrons
20  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
19  
99+
100  
18
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
227.00 pm  
4
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm  
9
180.00 pm  
23
Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm  
7
245.00 pm  
13
Atomic Weight
39.10 amu  
99+
257.00 amu  
15
Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol  
4
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Aluminium
  
Einsteinium
  
Next Element
Calcium
  
Mendelevium
  
Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
532.80 pm  
13
350.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.69  
10
1.63  
13
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm3  
99+
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm3  
99+
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
16.00 MPa  
99+
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
9
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
34
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
1.30 GPa  
99+
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa  
99+
50.00 GPa  
24
Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.86  
99+
9.70  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m  
37
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω  
16
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol  
27
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K)  
6
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K  
8
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K  
15
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,223.00 K  
14
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K)  
3
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol  
99+
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol  
99+
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K  
19
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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